Hypochlorite

A hypochlorite salt (such as sodium hypochlorite) of hypochlorous acid, HClO ( hypochlorous acid also ). It contains the ion ClO -. Chlorine is in this case present in the oxidation state 1.

The organic hypochlorites R OCl are very unstable.

Hypochlorite formed in addition to chloride if chlorine is introduced in alkalis:

For example, by alkaline catalysis sodium hypochlorite decomposes to sodium chloride and singlet oxygen (red phosphorescence):

In solution, hypochlorite disproportionates gradually to chlorate and chloride:

Hypochlorites are used for bleaching and disinfecting, see also Javel water ( " eau de Javelle ", an aqueous solution of potassium ) and " Eau de Labarraque " (aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite). Hypochlorite solutions also be used for deodorization of waste waters of chemical production processes. Furthermore, they are part of the " respiratory burst " in the context of the cellular defense against microorganisms. , Where they are, for example, formed by the neutrophil myeloperoxidase and released into the phagosome.

Warning

Cleaning and disinfection agents containing hypochlorite should never be used with acidic cleaners (eg Bioreiniger which contain acetic acid ) because toxic chlorine gas (Cl2) is then free.