Iguanura
Iguanura spectabilis
Iguanura is a Native to Southeast Asia palm genus. The representatives are small, fiederblättrige palm trees in the understory of rainforests.
- 5.1 Notes and references
Features
The representatives are small, single or multi-stemmed palm with or without an erect stem. They are unarmed and monoecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ). The trunk is rarely higher than 4 m, the internodes are short to long, the leaf scars inconspicuous. Sometimes, stilt roots are formed.
The chromosome number is 2n = 32
The leaves are ribbed undivided and fiederig, the blade end can be nicked; or the leaves are pinnate regular or irregular. The leaves wither on the trunk or they fall off with a smooth scar. The leaf sheaths are split over the petiole. They usually do not form a crown shaft. The petiole may be absent. Growing leaf blades are crowded reddish. The individual leaflets are folded one or more times.
Inflorescences
The each individual inflorescence appears between the sheets, for the species with crown stem below the leaves. He is branched protandrisch and ear of corn shaped or one-to two-fold. The inflorescence appears long before flowering, is initially upright, later arching to pendulous. The peduncle is very short to very long. The cover page is zweikielig, Roehrig, short and usually enclosed in the leaf sheath. The bract on peduncle sits slightly above the previous sheet and is usually much larger than this. The inflorescence axis is significantly shorter than the peduncle and usually contributes less than 20 side branches. These are hairy or bald tight. The flowers are in spirally arranged on the axis triads, which are usually sunk in pits. There is a lower high sheet forming the lower lip of the pit sometimes an upper lip.
Flowers
The male flowers are sessile, globose than bud and symmetrical. After flowering, at the fall of the cup remains mostly. The three sepals are not fused, overlapping each other, membranous and often keeled. The edge is often ciliate. The three petals are valvat, twice as long as the calyx and slightly dome -shaped. The six stamens have slender, long stamens. The anthers are latrors. The pollen grains are ellipsoidal, asymmetrical, sometimes pear - or diamond-shaped. The germ is opening a distal sulcus. The longest pollen axis measures 27 to 45 microns.
The female flowers are roughly spherical, slightly larger than the male. The three sepals are not adherent, widely overlapping and rounded. The three petals are not fused, longer than the calyx and wide overlapping. The tips are small and triangular. There are six small staminodes present. The stamp is a unicompartmental ovule, usually slightly asymmetrical and ovate. The three scars are large, fleshy and recurved. The ovule is semi - anatrop.
Fruits
The fruits are ovoid, ellipsoidal, bilobed or narrowly fusiform, while straight or curved. Fresh they are smooth, dry smooth or furrowed. Their color can be green, white, brown or pink to be bright red. The scars radicals basal, the perianth remains on the fruit. The exocarp is smooth and shiny, the mesocarp fleshy, significantly developed the endocarp woody and smooth to wrinkled.
Dissemination and locations
The genus occurs in Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, including the southern tip of Thailand, and Borneo. All representatives grow in the understory of primary tropical rain forests, they often grow in large groups. Coming from sea level prior to about 1200 m above sea level. Iguanura wallichiana is very widely used in Malaysia. Many other species are confined to a small area, particularly the species on Borneo.
System
The genus Oncosperma is within the family Arecaceae in the subfamily Arecoideae, Tribe Areceae. Within this tribe it is not assigned to subtribe, their systematic position is still unclear. The monophyly of the genus has not yet been investigated.
Govaerts and Dransfield accepted 2005 in World Checklist of Palms following ways:
- Iguanura ambigua
- Iguanura asli
- Iguanura belumensis
- Iguanura bicornis
- Iguanura borneensis
- Iguanura cemurung
- Iguanura chaiana
- Iguanura corniculata
- Iguanura curvata
- Iguanura diffusa
- Iguanura divergens
- Iguanura elegans
- Iguanura geonomiformis
- Iguanura humilis
- Iguanura kelantanensis
- Iguanura leucocarpa
- Iguanura macrostachya
- Iguanura melinauensis
- Iguanura minor
- Iguanura mirabilis
- Iguanura myochodoides
- Iguanura palmuncula
- Iguanura parvula
- Iguanura Perdana
- Iguanura piahensis
- Iguanura polymorpha
- Iguanura prolifera
- Iguanura remotiflora
- Iguanura sanderiana
- Iguanura tenuis
- Iguanura thalangensis
- Iguanura wallichiana
The genus was first described by Blume in 1838, the type species is Iguanura leucocarpa. The genus name means Iguanura lizards tail and refers to the scaly inflorescence axes.
Use
The types are not specifically use. The leaves are most often used for ceilings of shelters. Roots and fruits are one according to the job have a contraceptive effect.
Documents
- John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2, pp. 638-641.