Iller-Lech Plateau

The Danube -Iller -Lech - plate, also known as Upper Swabian plateau is a natural Spatial Greater Region 3rd order of the Alpine foothills.

Demarcation

In the northwest, the Danube -Iller -Lech - plate (main unit group 04) adjacent to the Swabian Alb ( 09), in the far northeast of the Franconian Jura (08 ) - both already part of the South West German levels country. The border is in each case about the Danube.

In the east, the Danube -Iller -Lech plates adjoin the lower Bavarian hill country (06) and, further south, on the Isar -Inn- gravel plates ( 05). North of Augsburg the eastern boundary extends approximately parallel to State Road 2035 ( Augsburg- Pottmes -Neuburg an der Donau), south of Augsburg east of the Lech, roughly between Mering, Geltendorf and Schongau.

South borders the Subalpine young moraine (03 ) can be interrupted at the Danube -Iller -Lech - plate, the centrally by the Nagelfluhhöhen and sinks between Lake Constance and Wertach (02 ) with the Adelegg. The border to the young moraine form the terminal moraines of the Ice Age, approximately.

Nature regions

The main unit group Danube -Iller -Lech - plate is divided according to the manual of the biogeographic division of Germany as follows in the main units (three digits ); Square footage is correct as of 1953:

• ( the foothills of the Alps, Greater Region 1st order ) ( to the Northern Alpine Foreland, Greater Region 2nd order ) 04 Danube -Iller -Lech - plate ( 8325.6 km ²) 040 Danube Ablach plates ( 939.6 km ²)
• 041 crack Aitrach plates ( 756.6 km ²)
• 042 hills of the lower crack ( 465.6 km ²)
• 043 wooden sticks ( 381.9 km ²)
• 044 Lower Iller ( 364.8 km ²)
• 045 Donauried ( 604.9 km ²)
• 046 Iller- Lech- gravel boards ( 3344.9 km ²)
• 047 Lech- Wertach levels ( 1232.7 km ²)
• 048 Aindlinger terrace staircase ( 234.6 km ²)

These main units disintegrate in subsequent publications of the individual sheets 1: 200,000 of the same institute multi-stage again in very many subunits (fractions ).

Danube Ablach plates

The Danube Ablach plates ( main unit 040) are all in Baden- Württemberg in between the Danube and above Riedlingen, Mühlingen, Pfullendorf, Ostrach, Bad Saulgau and the Federseemuseum.

The gently rolling hills is an embossed through the cracks and mindelkaltzeitlichen glaciations of the Rhine glacier Altmoränenlandschaft.

In the valleys prevail at great depth decalcified, waterlogged Luvisols before, which are used mainly by meadows and pasture farming. The open landscape in valleys leads a lively exchange with forested ( spruce forests ) mountain ranges. In favorable soils and agriculture is possible.

The plates are cut by a fork-shaped Talung, consisting of the Riedlinger pelvis ( 040.0 ) between quantities and Ried Lingens and the leading- from the southwest, narrower Schwarzachtal the Schwarzach at Bad Saulgau into three segments, of which by far the largest southwestern, straddling the Ablach location is.

The Riedlinger pool ends to the northeast in a narrow opening through the southern Jura foothills. Here the Danube valley floor of würmeiszeitlichen gravels of the Rhine glacier is filled.

A special case is the Federseer Ried ( 040.25, also: Federseemuseum pool) one to the Federseemuseum in Bad Buchau in the extreme east of the main unit. It is a former tongue basin of Rißeiszeit with the wide -scale sedimentation areas. In the south, the silting areas merge into a young moraine. On the silting areas partially extensive grazing is operated in the transition region between the sedimentation areas and the young moraine is the reed beds and wetland vegetation in coniferous forests on. As the lake with Seetonen and gravels was partially filled, the natural reservoir was formerly much larger.

Crack Aitrach plates

Located entirely in Baden -Württemberg crack Aitrach plates ( main unit 041) extend westward to a line Schemmerhofen - Federseemuseum - Bad Waldsee, the northern boundary runs from Schemmerhofen after Ochsenhausen. The eastern boundary follows a line Ochsenhausen - Aitrach - Legau, the southern boundary runs from Bad Waldsee to Leutkirch in the Allgäu.

The undulating landscape is a rißeiszeitliche end or ground moraine.

In the northwest of the crack through which part of the beneficiary by Lößbedeckung agricultural landscape is determinative in humid valleys, there is grassland farming ago

The reaching beyond the Aitrach addition Southeastern section waterlogged to large proportions or anmoorig; Open landscape character is dominated by meadows and pastures.

In the crack - Aitrach plates is also the Wurzacher Ried.

Hills of the lower crack

The hill country of the Lower crack ( also: flat land of the Lower crack, main unit 042) comprises the area between the Danube from Munderkingen to just above Ulm in the north, to the east it clings to the wooden sticks, in the south west it is not enough all the way up to B 312 The eastern boundary runs comparatively irregular.

It is mainly a tertiary hill country along the lowlands of the Danube and Riss of different ages, while the Rißeiszeit incurred gravel terraces interspersed.

Due to loamy and fertile soils outweighs the agricultural use; especially the eastern part is intensively used for agricultural purposes.

The Randtal the Danube in the north branches to the valley coming from the southeast to the lower crack - natural space lowlands ( 042.0 ). They form reamed Basin marshes, the Rißniederung is slightly peaty than forming two basins Danube valley.

The Rißtal cuts the higher parts in a wood sticks abdachenden east wing ( Altmoränengebiet between crack and Rottum, 041.2 ) to Laupheim and a west wing ( Altmoränenplatten between Federseemuseum pool and Rißtal, 042.1 ). The West Wing projects with an arched, open to the south western foothills of the buses until shortly before the Riedlinger pool. The South is in each case a total of less dissected by valleys than the north.

Wood Sticks

The wooden floors (main unit 043) are all in the east of Baden-Württemberg, between sending, Aichstetten, Ochsenhausen and Laupheim.

The hilly landscape is part of the glacially influenced terraced landscapes between crack and Iller, where they frame the valley of the second-mentioned river in the east immediately. It is divided by numerous trough valleys and meltwater channels.

The soils of mostly open countryside are mostly clay and lössbedeckt and are used as grassland, partly arable. The higher parts are lehmfrei, decalcified and forested ( spruce forests ). There is a close link between open land and wooded areas.

The wooden sticks are relatively unfragmented and form a fairly homogeneous natural space.

Lower Illertal

Located in the western part of Baden- Württemberg, located in Bavaria in the larger eastern part of Lower Iller (main unit 044) extends on the valley of the Iller Altusried and Dietmannsried to its confluence with the Danube in Neu-Ulm, where Memmingen is the central location.

The very flat ground, landscape represents a broad, during and after the ice ages by large amounts padded to the valley gravels

The northern landscape is also used for agricultural purposes, while in the south prevails grassland.

In the southern part of the deepened to tertiary base Illertal crosses the young and Altmoränenablagerungen. To some extent there is a continuous lowland forest belt, partially Vermoorungen are still available.

Donauried

The Donauried ( Haupteinhweit 045 ) is a large fen - level on the Danube between Ulm in the west and in the east with Donauwörth Dillingen in the center. It lies mostly in Bavaria, a small part in the northwest but also in Baden- Württemberg.

It is in the very shallow undulating landscape around a würmeiszeitliche, partly vermoorte gravel level.

Grassland and agriculture predominate in area on the still natural Ried areas. In the area of ​​Donauried there are a striking number of lakes.

Iller- Lech- gravel boards

The Iller- Lech- gravel boards ( main unit 046) are located in the far west of Bavaria. Your north follows the northeast approximately to the limit Neu-Ulm - Nersingen - Günzburg - Offingen - Wood Home - Wertingen - Mertingen, to the east the valleys of the (lower) Lech ( with Augsburg) and Wertach are ( to the south over Türk home to purchase Beuren ) limits.

The southern boundary of the main part runs from Kaufbeuren westward to Oberguenzburg, then northwestward turning for Memmingen, from where the border along the valley of the Iller runs north to Neu-Ulm.

Spatially separated from the main part of a higher absolute terms the southeast part ( Denklinger forestry plates, 046.9 ) exists northwest Schongau, of which draws from a Riedel north west to Stoffersberg Landsberg.

Between Iller and Lech, the landscape chambered from west to east, by the draining also to the north valleys of the rivers Roth, Mindel, Gunz, and co Schmutter in gently undulating Riedel and gravel boards. In Mindel and Günztal gravel is mined, the fens were largely drained. The northeastern part is particularly divided by Schmutter and cooperation in flat -wave plates and Riedel, where Vermoorungen in the valley bottoms of the asymmetrically formed partly valleys are often

The spatially separated south-eastern part is dominated in the north by the high- terrace gravel of Lech, by rißzeitliches moraine material that covers the tertiary base in the south.

The ceiling gravel is superimposed in part by loess. The Riedel is covered by forests (mainly spruce forests ), the river valleys in the north primarily for farming, used more for grassland farming in the south.

In the northeast part of a relatively high forest and grassland share there (on the perennial plate higher than in the more northerly area of ​​cooperation plates and Stauffenberg area ). Spruce forests dominate the forests

The east of the Valley of Mindel Located north-east is divided into co plate and Stauffenberg area ( originally: co plate, 046.6, north) and perennials plate ( 046.7, to the south, to the right of the upper cooperation or the average Schmutter then ) to the territory of the nature park Augsburg - Western forests is aligned. Between the co plate in the narrow sense ( in the far north ) and the perennial plate is the area around the Stauffersberg and Ausraumlandschaft of spelled Scherbener basin ( 046.63 ) at Dinkelscherben, which is caused by relief inversion in the territory of Altwasserscheide. Staufenberg area ( Beaver Ice Age ), co plate ( Günzeiszeit ) and perennials plate (Donau glaciation ) are erdzeitalterlich as Elder or altpleistozäne bearing fluvio-glacial gravel distinguished from each other.

The spatially separated southeast part ( Denklinger forestry plates, 046.9 ) hosts a pure woodland landscape ( especially spruce forests ).

Lech- Wertach level

When Lech- Wertach - level (main unit 047) is a location in the far west of Bavaria lowlands to the Lech and his left (western) inflow Wertach, which also includes the Lechfeld intervening.

The eastern framework of the Lech- Wertach - level forms the Lech valley north of Schongau over Augsburg to its confluence with the Danube. North of Augsburg also includes the west parallel valley of the lower Schmutter the natural area, southwest of the city follows the boundary of Wertach upriver about Bobingen to just north of Kaufbeuren. Between Kaufbeuren Schongau and the landscape is interrupted by the withdrawing themselves to the north of the Riedel Denklinger forestry boards that represent a spatially separated foothills of the Iller- Lech- gravel boards ( main unit 046).

The lower terrace landscape between the Wertach in the Southwest and the Middle East in Lech is divided by the Gennach and Singold. The floodplains and low terraces are partly vermoort.

From Klosterlechfeld large post-glacial gravel deposited on the Lech. From Augsburg, the river forms a broad Kastental with gravel terraces of different ages; the step between the low terraces and loess-covered terraces high is 8 to 10 feet high.

The high terraces wwrden used intensively for agriculture, which predominates in the south grassland, while to the north of agriculture increases significantly. Burning are covered with pine forests.

Along the river Lech, there is a almost closed lowland forest belt. The low terraces are partly covered by the characteristic of the field Gentiles with calcareous grassland and scattered meadow plant communities.

Aindlinger terrace staircase

The completely Located in Bavaria Aindlinger terrace staircase ( main unit 048) runs west through the Lech Valley north of Augsburg to the mouth of the Danube and north bounded by the Danube, from Aindling from northeast. Their eastern border of the Danube -Isar hills in the northwest corner of the lower Bavarian hill country runs parallel to State Road 2035 ( Augsburg- Pottmes -Neuburg an der Donau).

The hilly, rising high to the east gravel plate is divided by deeply incised, usually asymmetric stream valleys.

The floors are covered with a thick loess layer. The valley floors are used as grassland, otherwise outweighs agriculture.

Eastern continued

The Isar -Inn- gravel boards are continued to the east by the Greater Region Isar -Inn- gravel boards ( Group 05 ), however, are significantly narrower in the north-south direction. Just east of the Lech river between Reichling and Merching the open south Altmoränenbogen of Fürstenfeldbrucker hill country attracts the Landsberger plates in the west to the Ammer - Loisach Hill Country.

The north -east of the Isar -Inn- gravel boards, however, goes to the relief in clearly distinct sub- Bavarian hill country ( 06).

Landscape characteristics BfN

The Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN ), the fine structure of the Institute for Regional Studies in Germany again to " landscapes" grouped by not exactly physiographic criteria, with a main unit, depending on the complexity, between one and five landscape wanted posters were written. These were primarily an inventory of protected areas and land use. The boundaries follow partly geographical, partly they are moved to other criteria. In particular, the metropolitan areas - in this case, Ulm and Augsburg - are reported separately and not included in the square footage in the natural environment.

The following landscape characteristics exist in the area of the Danube -Iller -Lech - plate:

• Danube Valley between quantities and Ulm Lower Risstal (208 km ²) → 040.0, 040.23; Gap through 040.20, 095.24 and 042.12; 042.0

• → 040 without lowlands,

• → northwestern part of 041

• → southeast part of 041 from Eberhardzell

• → 042.1, 095.24 southern edge of

• → 042.2

• → 043

• → north of 044 from and including Memmingen

• → South of 044

• → 045 without Ulm

• → extreme west of 045, east of 095.10

• → north of 046 (without 046.6/7/8 )

• → South of 046 (without 046.6/7/8 )

• → 046.6

• → 046.7

• → approximately 046.9, but without ridge to Stoffersberg

• → northern part of 047.1 / 2 without Augsburg

• → southern part of 047.1 / 2, to the north in the central terrace to Schwabmunchen reaching

• → 047.0 / 3 without Augsburg

• → Aindlinger terrace staircase (252 km ²)

Swell

• Biogeophysical large regions of Germany
• List of physiographic units in Baden- Württemberg
• Bavarian foothills of the Alps
• Ablach (Donau)
• Donauried
• Riedel
• Perennials
• Nature Park Augsburg Western Woods