Illusion

In the strict sense of the word an illusion is a false perception of reality. In another sense of the word and false interpretations and judgments are called illusion.

• 2.1 dramas
• 2.2 stories

Psychology / Psychiatry

In the psychiatric jargon is understood to be an illusion, an illusion. In cases in which really experienced in the performance of existing as something else or kept for another, as it is actually spoken of " illusionary misunderstanding ". Illusions are therefore an adulterated real perception dar. For example, a tree stump is mistaken for a hinkauernde to shape or confused the two-dimensional image of an object with the three-dimensional object itself. Illusions differ significantly from hallucinations, which are perceptual experiences and thus how sensations are experienced, although they may be based on any appropriate source of stimulation. As a delusion through to delusional perception, however, is not a perception, but a misjudgment of reality is called, as it were, a false opinion about that - is represented by a body independent of the concrete experience certainty - similar to a firm belief or obsession. Here is held simultaneously with unbeeinflussbarer, unshakable security, even if it is contrary to reality and even to the previous own experience, including that of other people and their entire thinking and mine.

Theory of illusion

On the theory of illusion has Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) referred to the psychophysiological mechanism of assimilation.

Literature, literary theory, literary studies

With the use of terms such as theater of illusion, a distinction ( an illusion in the strict sense of the word ) and a false judgment ( a delusion ) is not strictly between a false perception.

Dramas

According to Aristotle, the essence of dramatic art is that literary material not by telling, but by imitating and re-presentation of an action, is thus mediated by game. The concept of imitation suggests that the re-enacted act like this, as it is represented by an actor, really ( historically ) had occurred, although often only possibilities of action of people in the form of thought experiments are shown in dramas. In addition, viewers tend in the theater of illusion to forget during the game that the action on stage is not "really" happened, but is only played by actors. This effect is advocated by supporters of the theater of illusion.

Stories

One problem with the reception of fictional narrative texts is that in stories that have not obviously fantastic features, there is a danger that readers or listeners of the story keep this for faktual, ie believe they contained only statements about real (historical ) events. The extent to which such a reception ruled by a "fiction contract " between the author and his readers or listeners, or can be, is controversial in literary theory and science.

Art, technology and magic

Also, induced by technical means hallucination is often referred to as an illusion. In another sense of the word is also a form of illusion formation, if not possible or simulated situations can be seen on moving or stationary "realistic" figures, but which are still held for "real " ( see, eg, the adjacent photo). Painter and draftsman use certain visual representation method ( trompe l' oeil ) to create impressions of unusual and so unexpected nature, which in amazement and astonishment, wonder can be reached even to more sustainable amazement and wonder. For example, using the painter and graphic artist Maurits Cornelis Escher targeted optical illusions.

In movies, the ability to create illusions in viewers, and perfected by the advancement in the technology, especially computer- animated simulations. To win viewers with keen powers of observation in a film like Jurassic Park the impression that the characters would "really" pursued by dinosaurs. Ever since the introduction of sound films, by which the "unnatural", mime -like playing style of the silent film was abandoned, " a self-contained presentation of illusions " is in mainstream films seen.

Illusionists like magicians use towards their physically present audience technical tricks with which they exploit psychological deception possibilities. Famous for such effects is, for example, the illusionist David Copperfield.

General usage

Misconceptions are referred to in the vernacular by a large number of expressions and idioms, which corresponds to the frequency and scope of illusory thinking. To speak of imagination, or imagination, fiction, fiction and jugglery, Fata Morgana, Mirage, chimera, figment of the imagination and fantasy of dream or soap bubbles, from cloud cuckoo land, air castle, phantasmagoria, reverie, beautiful sheen to a false sense of hope - how it is possible to speak of lost illusions, of dangerous, harmful, futile to youthful and romantic illusions or illusions of youth.

Also, a large number of idioms keeps the everyday language ready: after that you can have any illusions, not only can they have awaken and nourish, live in them, the one or the other illusion even indulge occasionally for his illusions but also pay dearly must abide by its illusions, to cling even to her, she can not be stopped, but they are also torn from his illusions or experience that they have taken one, if not destroyed, or completely undone.

Etymology

Illudieren illusion and the older, now uncommon and virtually unknown verb is illudere a derivation from the Latin verb. This in turn is a composition of the verb ludere for " play" with the local preposition in.

A related thereto importance of illudere enough after school lexicon of information while playing throw and throw into the game about his game drive, make fun of and mock up to mock, deceive and cheat.

In a different view of "in" ludere play as " inwardly " illusion device in the vicinity of the similarly formed German expression mind game. From here you have a variety of meanings of illusion derive, all of which have to do with self-deceptions of all kinds up to the self-deception. Then a deceptive or false ( in the word's original Latin meaning) impression also be meant as just as wrong and thus as always unrealistic ideas that can " make " or " form " can by " something imagines " or " fooling ". Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, wrote:

"Illusions are recommended in that they spare feelings of displeasure and let us enjoy her instead satisfactions. "

Similar terminology

Related technical terms are: Aura, phantasm.