Ilz

The Ilz at Fuersteneck

The Ilz ( in the upper reaches also Schönberger Ohe ) is a left tributary of the Danube in the Bavarian Forest.

Course

It rises on the German side in the Bavarian- Czech border area in the Bavarian Forest National Park. Your source rivers Kleine Ohe (Graf Ohe ), Large Ohe Ohe and Mitter Acher come from the region between the mountains Rachel ( 1,453 m) and Lusen ( 1,373 m). These unite at the Ettlmühle near the village of Eberhard Reuth in the municipality of Schoenberg. Near Fuersteneck the Ilz is united with the waters of the Wolfsteiner Ohe and the Easter Bach. Headwaters of the Wolf Steiner Ohe are Reschbach and Saußbach. The Ilz opens in Passau in the Danube, only slightly above opposite the Inn estuary. You get is largely to nature almost their entire length. The Ilz has on the level Kalteneck, 18.9 km upstream of the mouth in Passau, a long-term mean discharge of 15.9 m³ / s

Water quality

Characteristics of Ilz is her soft, brownish to blackish colored water. It is therefore also referred to as black or black pearl Ilz the Bavarian Forest.

The water of the Ilz reacts during the entire course with nucleation on residual stresses from sewage treatment plants and agricultural runoff. In 1991, a ban on swimming throughout the Ilz was pronounced, the Save action called the Ilz in 1993.

In 2001, the LEADER Initiative Clean Ilz was completed. The Ilz was elected for the years 2002 and 2003 as a river landscape of the year. The Proclamation on the occasion of World Water Day on 22 March 2002 by Minister Werner Schnappauf in Grafenau instead.

Reservoirs

The reservoir Oberilzmiihle north of Passau dammed the Ilz to over 5 km to the lake. Stadtwerke Passau have built here from 1951 to 1955 the hydroelectric plant Oberilzmiihle. In the ruins of the neck Ilz for the power plant neck is again accumulated to 1 to 1,5 km to the lake. The effort to form another reservoir near the ruins Unterdießen stone castle in the municipality balances failed in the seventies, the resistance of conservationists. About 40,000 citizens spoke in 1978 in a signature campaign against it from.

Holztrift

From about 1729 the expansion of the upper course of the rafting began. 1788 is issued in Passau, the first order drift. About six weeks to complete the drift from the inner Bavarian forest to Passau, where a large timber port was built at the Bschütt. From 1827 to 1829 the drift barrier was erected at neck. A 115.5 m long, 3.2 m wide and 2.3 m high rock tunnel shortened from then on the long road through the Halser flow loop. Every year, here up to 100 000 Ster wood were shipped.

The large sawmills in Schneidermühl, Schrottenbaummühle and fish house are reminders of this type of timber transports through the expansion of forest roads came to a halt after 1945.

Animals and Plants

The Valley of Ilz populated estimated that more than 20,000 different species. In the Ilz the freshwater pearl mussel occurs, as the crayfish, but the lack of pent-up points. Even the more modest American crayfish lives in the Ilz. As "King of Ilzfische " applies to the salmon, were obtained from the remainders. On the banks are mulling the kingfisher and dippers, which are replaced by newcomers from the north in winter. Also, the Sandpiper has a breeding population in Ilztal. In the lower reaches of the Banded Demoiselle is observed occasionally.

Apart from a large number of lower plants grow more than 400 different vascular plants at the Ilz. As the largest plant rarity of Ilztales applies the Shaggy spurge, more features are Siberian iris, elder iris ( at the ruins of neck), Bristly Bellflower, Hank bellflower, Prussian Sermountain, Drachenwurz, marsh gentian, frog bite, unrecognized water hose, ostrich fern, Langblättriger speedwell, Columbine, hepatica, marsh sweetheart, Colorful Eisenhut and burnt Orchid. The original riparian vegetation has been partially supplanted by the adventitious Schlitzblättriger sunhat and Himalayan balsam.

Reserves

In the area of the failed dam project on Unterdießen stone the nature reserve was created on Ilz Unterdießen stone in 1981 after protracted conflict of interest, which was renamed in Upper Ilz 1991. It has a size of 380 hectares. Another nature reserve, the 91.5 -acre nature reserve Halser Ilzschleifen, was on 3 December 1993 at neck. The Passau until reaching Fuersteneck of landscape protection area was established protection of the landscape part Ilztal in the area of the city and the district of Passau with a size of 1219.0 hectares Already on 20 February 1960.

Water

In compliance with the Befahrung rules of the rivers in Bavaria (as October/2007 ) navigating the Ilz with kayaks and canoes in precisely controlled sections is permitted restricted or prohibited all year.

Currently, there is for the section of the river dam neck - a year-round canoeing is prohibited - Road bridge neck ( 2.2 rkm = 4.5 ). From May 1 to June 30 is the navigation of the section Ettelmühle - mouth Wolfsteiner Ohe ( = river kilometer 42.5 to 24.6 ) is prohibited without exception. For the section Furth to Schrottenbaummühle ( = river kilometer 38.3 to 27.1 ) points from 1 July to 30 April on the voluntary self-limitation for water sports in the period: This calls for a minimum level at the Schrottenbaummühle of> 85 cm and allowed landing only at weirs and bridges.

Current information will be announced by the Bavarian Canoe Association.