Inari Sami language

Spoken in

Uralic

• Inari

-

Smn

Smn

The inarisamische language (self- designation anarâškielâ ) is a language of the eastern group of the Sami languages ​​and thus belongs to the Finno -Ugric language family. It is spoken by an estimated 250 Inarisamen in the municipality of Inari in Finnish Lapland. The language is despite government support to be highly at risk because they will hardly be passed on to the younger generation.

History

The first books in inarisamischer language were the fibula Anar Sämi kiela aapis kirje and the Catechism Doctor Martti Lutherus Ucca katkismus, both published in 1859 by Edvard Wilhelm Borg. In 1906 a translation of the Bible. After that, the literary production largely dried up. 1986 inarisamische Association ( Anarâškielâ Servi ) was launched, which promotes the use of Inarisamischen and inarisamische books, reading books, calendars, etc. published. More recently, even hip- hop music originated in inarisamischer language.

In 1992, the seeds in Finland the right to use in their so-called home area in northern Lapland their native language when Government. This Inari received in the municipality of Inari next to Finnish, North Sami and Skoltsamisch an official status. Since 1997 there has been a inarisamischsprachigen kindergarten in Inari and Ivalo.

Spelling

Since 1996 there is a single spelling standard for inarisamische language. It is written with an extended version of the Latin alphabet, that has the following characters:

A / a, ( Â / â ), B / b, C / c, C / C, D / d, Đ / đ, E / e, F / F, G / g, H / h, I / i, J / j, K / k, L / L, m / m, N / n, O / o, P / p, R / r, s / s, Š / š, T / t, U / u, v / v, Y / Y, Z / z Ž / ž Ä / ä, ( á / á ).

The letter Đ stands for the voiced dental fricative [ ð ] (as in English the), Á is a semi-long [a].

Grammar

Case

The Inarisamische knows nine case: nominative, genitive, accusative, locative, illative, comitative, abessive, essive, and partitive. The genitive and accusative often have the same ending, the partitive is quite unproductive and occurs only in the singular.

Pronouns

The personal pronouns come in three numbers: singular ( singular), dual (two numbers ) and plural (plural ).

Verb

The inarisamische verb is conjugated in three persons and three numbers (singular, dual, plural). It has two simple ( past and non- past) and two composite ( perfect, pluperfect ) tenses and five modes ( indicative, imperative, conditional, and potential optative ). Like the other Sami languages ​​, Finnish and Estonian uses the Inarisamische a Verneinungsverb.

Morphologically, the verbs can be divided into three groups: gleichsilbige, ungleichsilbige and kontrokte. The gleichsilbigen verbs are the largest group and are morphologically complex with stage change and Diphthongänderungen. The ungleichsilbigen verbs have, in contrast to the other Sami languages ​​vowel change in the stem.