Indian Defence
In the Indian defense is a collective term for certain openings of chess. The Indian defenses are among the closed- games and start the trains:
1 d2 -d4 Ng8 - f6 2 c2 - c4
History
The name comes from Savielly Tartakower, who popularized this term in the early twenties of the 20th century. " He distinguished [ first ] (...) an old Indian and a re- opening of Indian ways, depending on Black continued in the second set course with d6 or e6, " wrote the New Viennese chess magazine in 1922. Tartakower himself shared about his naming in his book the hypermodern chess game with: " Although this defense (...) in the first half of the previous [ 19 ] century was cultivated by Indian Brahmins and was later applied in particular by Louis Paulsen, Riemann and Chigorin, it is particularly been designed to Neuromantikern Nimzowitsch and Bogolyubov, Alekhine and Réti ". In the literature of the 19th century only the beginning of the game was called 1 e2 -e4 d7 - d6 2 d2 -d4 g7- g6 as " Indian Defence ". There was also the term "Indian Opening" for 1 e2 -e4 e7 - e5 2 d2 -d3. These articulations were known after the Brahmin Moheschunder Bannerjee from Calcutta had used in his games against John Cochrane. These games were played during Cochrane's decades of professional stay mid-19th century in India and later handed down by the British. By transpositions arose in these games occasionally positions that after this name has been introduced later, as "King's Indian " were known.
Ideas
The train first ... Ng8 - f6 prevents as well as 1 ... d7 -d5, the formation of a white pawn on d4 and e4 duo. However, Black delays the establishment of their own pawn structure. Even if from the basic position of the Indian defense depending on ( white as black ) sequels can result very different openings, there are common characteristics. So Black takes often a superior white farmer center in purchase, to which exerts pressure black figure. The complex of the Indian defenses is characterized by some very complicated Zugumstellungsmöglichkeiten.
Indian openings
- Bogolyubov - Indian Defence 2 ... e7 - e6 3 Sg1 -f3 Bf8 - b4
- Women's Indian Defence 2 ... e7 - e6 3 Sg1 -f3 b7 - b6
- Nimzowitsch - Indian Defence 2 ... e7 - e6 3 Nb1 - c3 - b4 Bf8
- Catalan opening 2 ... e7 - e6 3 g3 - g2
- Ancient Indian Defense 2 ... d7 - d6
- Grünfeld Indian Defence 2 ... g7- g6 3 Nb1 - c3 d7 -d5
- King's Indian Defense 2 ... g7- g6 3 Nb1 - c3 Bf8 - g7 (see also: King 's Indian Attack )
- Modern Benoni Defence 2 ... c7 - c5 3 d4 -d5 e7 - e6
- Volga Gambit 2 ... c7 - c5 3 d4 -d5 b7 - b5
- Blumenfeld Gambit 2 ... e7 - e6 3 Sg1 -f3 c7 - c5 4 d4 -d5 b7 - b5
- Budapest Gambit 2 ... e7 - e5
- Mexican Defense 2 ... Sb8 - c6