Individualist anarchism

The individualist anarchism (also called Individual anarchism ) is a resultant in North America in the 19th century tradition of thought which emphasizes the autonomy of the individual and is in opposition to the collectivist anarchism. As his principal founder applies Benjamin Tucker. The individualist anarchism may be regarded as an extreme form of liberalism.

Ideas

For representatives of individualist anarchism, the state and any institutionalized ( forced ) form of superiority and subordination are the main obstacles to a free society of all. In their eyes, he restricts the members of society unnecessarily, based privileges and allows monopolies (including the money, soil, customs and patent monopoly). The rights created by the government by force and maintained monopolies led to a distortion of the labor market at the expense of non- privileged, which had the consequence that they did not receive the natural reward for their work, which means that they cheated a large portion of the income of their work would. The State applies abolish it, in order to achieve an optimum of freedom and justice. All desired social tasks would be no monopolies and free play of competition met better and more effectively. In addition, participation in the tasks would be voluntary and not forced, what stands in the tradition of the demands of the American independence movement.

The individualist anarchism rejects the use of violence and sets on educating the public, so holds a revolution not necessarily fit for purpose. His followers did in the 19th and 20th centuries such as the refusal to pay taxes for a suitable weaponry.

History

Important precursors of individualist anarchism were the North American writer Josiah Warren, Lysander Spooner, Stephen Pearl Andrews, Henry David Thoreau and Ezra Heywood.

As the founder, namesake and influential through his magazine Liberty representatives of individualist anarchism applies Benjamin Tucker, who fell back on European authors, beginning on Proudhon, later more on Max Stirner. - Max Stirner himself, just as a self-designation of Proudhon knew the term " anarchist " (? 1840 in Qu'est- ce que la propriété ), was critical to him. However, he took the critique of individualist anarchism, developed later implicitly anticipated by refusing the demand for external freedom for internally unfree people as inconsistent.

In France, represented a individualanarchistische position in Russia Alexei Borovoi and Lev Chorny, Italy Renzo Nova goals in the first half of the twentieth century, Émile Armand, Han Ryner and Albert Libertad. In England, the Individualist anarchism from about 1960 had an active agent in Sidney E. Parker.

In Germany, represented the poet and writer John Henry Mackay, who mainly relied on Max Stirner and was friends with Tucker, and following him in the 1970s Kurt Zube, individualist anarchism. The magazine was founded in 1919 and sporadically until 1925, published The Ego also represented a individualanarchistische position.