Infarction

An infarction is a tissue death (necrosis) due to oxygen deficiency (hypoxia) due to insufficient blood supply (ischemia). The infarct facing the infarction, in which primarily is an outflow obstruction reason for hypoxia. Colloquially the heart attack is referred to below infarction often.

Infarction forms

Anemic infarct

The closure of a ( functional ) end artery leading to anemic infarct. (Example: renal infarction )

The most frequent cause of an anemic infarct is the abduction of a thrombus ( embolism) in an arterial vessel. Since there is little or no collateral vessels during anemic infarct, the resulting ischemia (ischemia) leads to the appearance of a so-called " white infarction ".

Hemorrhagic infarction

The blockage of an artery whose Endstromgebiet is also supplied by a collateral vessels, leading to hemorrhagic infarction (example: pulmonary infarction )

Although the affected district is supplied with blood from at least one collateral, it comes to oxygen deficiency due to the insufficient blood flow. Here is a necrosis with destruction of the vascular endothelium. The resulting hemorrhage into the tissues leads to the typical red color ( " red infarct ").

Hemorrhagic infarction

The closure of the venous drainage of a Gewebsbezirkes leads to hemorrhagic infarction (example: testicular torsion ).

Due to the lack of runoff, a congestion develops in the corresponding tissue. Now, since no oxygenated blood can flow, results in a hypoxia with subsequent necrosis. Macroscopically similar to the hemorrhagic infarction hemorrhagic infarction.

Infarction due to embolus infected is referred to as " septic infarction ."

Examples

  • Eye: as apoplexy papillae after closure of the retina or the optic nerve artery supplying
  • Heart: as myocardial infarction by occlusion of a coronary vessel, usually after pre-existing coronary heart disease
  • Brain: Ischemic stroke as the most common form of stroke
  • Kidney: a renal infarction usually after embolic occlusion of a small renal artery, rare hemorrhagic infarction
  • Pulmonary infarction, mostly due to a pulmonary embolism caused
  • Liver infarction
  • Splenic infarction
  • Bone infarcts as the " Hüftinfarkt " ( femoral head )
  • Mesenteric, see also abdominal angina
  • Uric acid infarct
  • Kalkinfarkt
  • Spinal cord infarction
  • Peripherals / extremities: for example, acute occlusion of a leg artery (see PAD, intermittent claudication )

Swell

  • Böcker, thinking, Heitz: Pathology, 3rd edition (2004), ISBN 978-3-437-42381-9
  • Pathology
  • Disease in internal medicine
  • Angiology
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