Instanton

Instantone are localized in space and time Solitonlösungen " euklidifizierter " quantum field theories, especially the Yang-Mills equations in quantum chromodynamics after a Wick rotation from Minkowski space to four-dimensional Euclidean space. Instantone describe in all these theories the quantum mechanical transition (tunnel junction ) between the different classes of the vacuum state of the observed field and are specially designed for the strong interaction in the low-energy range are of great importance.

Instantone also provide an explanation for an important symmetry breaking: they can change the handedness of elementary particles in the quantum vacuum. The corresponding chiral symmetry plays a central role in the physics of hadrons.

Another application of find Instantone at the so-called " Inflaton field " cosmology to explain the so-called inflationary phase transition in the early universe.