Interdependence

Interdependence means interdependence ( dependence ). As social interdependence is brought to the notion that people are set in their existence to each other and dependent.

In economic theory, one speaks of " interdependence " if economic variables affect each other. Example: the bandwagon effect in the Financial theory.

Kinds of interactions

• Sachinterdependenzen
• Verhaltensinterdependenzen
• Competitive interdependence: the optimal decision alternatives of two A and B are not simultaneously feasible
• To promoting interdependence: the decision of A for the best own alternative promotes the best alternative of person B
• Pooled interdependencies: multiple organizational units use the same limited amount of resources
• Sequential interdependencies: organizational units use the previous output as their input
• Reciprocal interdependencies: respective output is the input of the other organization unit

Social interdependence

In social psychology and group dynamics

See also: Dependenzmodell in the group dynamics as a function between people he plays a special role in the consideration of relationships and interactions in social psychology and group dynamics. An interdependence is here a mutual dependence of two or more persons, that is, the behavior of Person A has an influence on the behavior of B - the latter in turn has an effect on A. For example, husband and wife, manager and group state and the population.

In contrast, a dependency is a dependency without retroactive effect, or reciprocity. Systemic seen is unilateral dependence a limited viewing (in time or subsystem ). In extended eyes ever showing a interdependence.

Under Konterdependenz refers to a posture directed against the other, which is based in the same time on a dependency. Example: Nuclear opponents and nuclear power plant operators or government, employers and trade unions, parents and adolescent children.

Interdependence exists in a form of relationship, if the behavior of a partner of the other related and vice versa.

In his book "How real is reality " Paul Watzlawick tries to clarify its definition by the prisoner's dilemma.

Human situations which have the structure of the prisoner's dilemma, occur anywhere on where people are in a state of disinformation, but have to make a joint decision, where they lack the possibility of direct communication.

There are two reasons for this:

• Communicate physical impossibility

In real life situations, the absence of these factors is sufficient to bring about this dilemma. Interdependent decisions are only likely to succeed if they are based on the basis of a shared conception of reality by both partners whose minimal agreement is not to see reality in a temporal- causal manner. This is only possible in space and time- limited processes.

Interdependencies between individuals and groups arise from different distribution of power and recognition. Also, a common and consensual decided division of tasks generates corresponding responsibilities and causes dependence and interdependence between these areas in terms of the overall task.

These interdependencies occur in any situation in relations between people. A couple tried to walk together through life ( = common task ), or the departments of a company need to consider their interdependencies in order to offer a customer-oriented product.

In political science

Main article: Interdependenztheoretischer approach

In political science interdependence of federalism research is addressed as " political integration ".

Moreover, interdependence is of great importance in the field of International Relations. Given the globalization play a significant role Interdependenztheoretische approaches: Every day you rely on many people who are spread around the globe. Although unknown, they supply us with all desirable goods. This interaction is only possible because all are together in a relationship of action, known as " interdependence ". The goods or service provider be caused either by a government to, nor are they generous donors. They act that way because they get something for it.

It requires a coordination system of economic processes, which tunes the other. There are four characteristics or dimensions of interdependence:

The terms interdependence vulnerability or sensitivity related to a respective different degrees of concern with regard to the costs incurred in demolition or disturbance of a cross-border interaction chain. In the case of interdependence sensitivity the costs can be processed or reduced by a change of policy. In the case of interdependence vulnerability costs can not be reduced by a policy change. Example: Different effects of the 1973 oil crisis on Europe and Japan on the one hand and the U.S. on the other.

In the Business Administration

The complex tasks of industrial and service companies require a well thought out division of labor. Here are, in addition to pure power efficient creation, the use of efficient information tools, the appropriate cultural conditions in different parts of the earth and environmental goals a challenge.

Due to the complex interdependencies that occur due to the division of responsibilities in international companies, corporate governance is particularly dependent on professional management and coordination instruments. This should align all parts of the company to the company's goal.

The coordination -oriented Control has worked out such tools as well as advanced solutions.

Substantial contribution in the " handling " of interdependencies in company also has the use of integrated, departmental or cross-enterprise application software ( integrated application systems).