International Gothic

The soft style is a style in the late Gothic painting and sculpture around 1400. Important support of the soft style are standing Madonna sculptures, which are also called " beautiful Madonnas ".

Development to the course style

At the time of development for soaking style possessed for the culture, especially the axis Prague - Paris importance, which is due to the particularly close relations of Luxembourg with the French kings. The of the family of native Roman- German Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg (1346-1378) had set itself the goal of making Prague the artistic heart of Central Europe, and succeeded him. For the construction of St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague Charles IV took Peter Parler. This worked as an architect and sculptor. He led the tomb of Ottokar I Premysl, for which he took 900 pence. The figure of St. Wenceslas in St. Vitus Cathedral also comes from the Parlerkreis.

Features

A characteristic feature is the emphasis in round, flowing wells falling, more and more three-dimensional appearance garment. Also characteristic are the delicate, dreamy expression and graceful figure, coupled with detailed descriptions.

The soft style was later spread far been formed in 1380 (see André Beauneveu ) and a decade. Beautiful Madonna emerged throughout most of the 15th century, but include the later works, which are referred to as no longer to switch style, which ends in 1450. He will be replaced by new realistic influences from the Netherlands. In folding style can be seen at the transition to " square style " with hard nonbreaking wrinkles.

By 1400, in some art centers clay and stone to the materials commonly used, as this process less costly and more were than the other ordinary materials such as natural stone, marble and wood.

The " beautiful Madonnas " are characterized by a solute mobility. The intimate relationship of the Virgin Mary to the Child Jesus here is particularly striking.

Terms

The term "soft style " was created in 1907 by H. Börger and learned in the 1920 's and 30's by Wilhelm Pinder widespread. Since it is used almost exclusively by the German art science, there are controversial attempts to introduce the alternative designation " International Gothic ". It arises from the finding that the soft style was a lively international exchange of forms and ideas and a subject in European history up to that unique unity. The radiation emanating from the Czech art research called " beautiful style " is another synonym for the soft style.

The term " beautiful Lady " is both Pinder (1923 ) and A. Stix attributed. The latter resulted in a - now doubted - "Master of the Beautiful Madonna " one.

" Beautiful Hallgartenerin " ( 1415 ), Parish Church of the Assumption, Hall Garden in the Rheingau

"Women at the Cross " from the Thomas Altar from Meister Francke ( 1424 )

Mother of God (ca. 1430), St. Nicholas Church, Veringenstadt