International Standard Classification of Education
The Standard International Standard Classification of Education ( ISCED) was designed by UNESCO for the classification and characterization of types of schools and school systems. A distinction is made between several levels (level ). It is also suitable for specifying the level of education ( the highest completed education level) in international comparison.
History and Use
The international ISCED classification was used for the first time worldwide in the 1970s for the production of statistics on education. In 1975, she was at the World Conference of Education ( International Conference on Education) approved in Geneva and adapted in Paris for standardization of educational statistics 1978.
Were over time, mainly because of the increasing variety of educational opportunities, further adjustments necessary. The current ISCED classification, the revised version ( ISCED2011 based on the variable ISCED2D ) was adopted at the 36th session of the UNESCO General Conference in November 2011 and will be replaced over the next few years ISCED97 as a basis for international education comparisons. ISCED97 was approved by the UNESCO in 1997.
You will find, among other things, along with dimensions as the ISEI, using as an indicator of family background in large-scale assessment studies in education.
ISCED 2011 level
ISCED -97 level
Level 0 ( Pre-school education )
Level 0 includes the Pre-school education (pre- primary education ). This includes kindergarten and preschool. It comprises the ages of 3 /5 to 5/7 years.
Level 1 ( basic education )
Basic education ( primary education / first step of basic education) starts with the beginning of the teaching or compulsory education and is based on a class teacher system (a single teacher teaches the class in most objects, usually in all subjects except religion and plants). This includes the elementary school ( Austria ) or primary school ( Germany ) or primary school ( Switzerland ).
Level 2 ( secondary education I / lower level, intermediate level)
Lower secondary education level ( secondary education first stage / second step of basic education): basic training with a skilled teacher system ( a separate teacher for each subject ). The term equivalent to the expression medium education, and refers to the on the pre-and primary school beyond education that goes up to the end of compulsory education, usually the 7th - 9th School year, ages from 10/ 12 to 14 / 16th In the German system the level Secondary I called, in Austria also lower secondary education level ( high school, new middle school and lower level AHS ).
Level 3 (upper secondary education II / advanced)
The upper secondary education ( secondary education or second stage upper secundary education) provides general or vocational education. A degree means permissions to work in a specific career field ( Level 3B program designed to Provide direct access to ISCED 5B ) and / or to attend a university ( Level 3A program designed to Provide direct access to ISCED 5A). In addition, there is anecdotal not further programs ( Level 3C program not designed to lead to ISCED 5A or 5B). The age ranges from 15/16 and 18 / 20th In German-speaking upper secondary education systems and the training of dual vocational training is allocated to ISCED level 3, in Austria it is also referred by upper secondary education.
Level 4 ( Post Secondary Education )
Level 4 is the Post-secondary education (post - secondary non tertiary education) post-secondary education, but which is not attributable to the tertiary sector. Level 4A programs that allow access to 5A as evening schools, colleges, technical schools ( 1/2-jährig ); Combinations of a general education program ( ISCED 3A ) and a vocational program (ISCED 3B), as Berufs-/Technische high schools; Level 4B programs that enable access to 5B, may be combinations of two vocational programs by ISCED 3B. Again, there are no further special forms ( Level 4C).
Level 5 ( Tertiary education, first stage)
The first stage of tertiary education (first stage of tertiary education, not leading directly to at advanced research qualification ) takes at least 2 years and requires the completion of secondary education ahead. Level 5B encompasses practical courses ( labor -market relevant qualification ) at technical colleges, vocational colleges and the like; Level 5A ( university level / advanced Research Programmes and professions with high skills requirements ) comprises the rest of higher education below the doctoral level.
Level 6 ( Tertiary education, research qualification)
Tertiary education with research qualification (second stage of tertiary education, leading directly to at advanced research qualification ), includes the highest high school education forms, ie the promotion and habilitation.
Overview for Germany, Austria and Switzerland
After the training, as it is divided into the ISCED (International Standard Classification of Education ) of UNESCO, to group in Germany, Austria and Switzerland: