Irene Harand

Irene Harand ( born September 7, 1900 in Vienna, † February 2nd 1975 in New York City ) was an Austrian writer and opponent of National Socialism.

Life

In the late 1920s Harand worked in the " Federation of Small pensioners and savers of Austria" of the Jewish Advocate Moriz Zalman ( born November 7, 1882 in Bârlad, Romania, † May 29 1940 in Sachsenhausen concentration camp ), the free campaigned for victims of inflation. This association eventually became Vice-President and wrote for the newspaper world in the morning.

In 1930 she founded together with Zalman the " People's Party " (not available in conjunction with the People's Party of the 2nd Republic ), which lobbied for small pensioners and poorer and, in contrast to the other parties in Austria, actively opposed the anti-Semitism. In the 1930 elections the party failed to clear a place in the National Council, which was due to low funds and campaigns of the Social Democrats, which previously was close to Zalman and his candidacy, they were upset.

In the fall of 1933 and Harand Zalman founded the " world movement against racial hatred and Menschennot ", which became known under the name " Harand motion " and appeared as the antithesis of Nazi " Hitler movement ". Mouthpiece of the " Harand Movement " was the weekly newspaper justice, from 1933 to 1938 in an edition of 28,000 copies - for a short time also in Polish and French - appeared. The devout Catholic Irene Harand was until the 1940s monarchist and a supporter of the Austro-fascism. The " Harand Movement " was part of the Fatherland Front and defended until the end of the authoritarian governments of the course by Engelbert Dollfuss and Kurt Schuschnigg. Against anti -Semitism within the Austro-fascism and the Catholic Church in Austria the " Harand Movement " but appeared solid.

The " Harand Movement " had between 1933 and 1938 several thousand members and local groups in many European countries. A World Congress of " Harand movement " failed in 1937 to the financial capabilities of the organization and the lack of support by the Austrian authorities. In extensive lecture tours through Europe and the USA ( 1937) Irene Harand tried to mobilize the public against Nazism and in particular anti-Semitism. Taking the view that precarious economic conditions were a breeding ground for the ideology of the Nazis, they took Firm sponsorships and organized Christmas Bescherungen for the children destitutes and the sending of food parcels to the needy. She promised hoteliers, especially in rural regions free ads in the newspaper justice, provided they subscribe to the magazine and give an undertaking to accommodate every guest, regardless of their origin or religious affiliation. As a protest against the Munich exhibition " The Eternal Jew " was the " Harand movement " out seal stamps with portraits of famous Jewish personalities.

Three years after the publication of her book, Its battle. Answer to Hitler, which she published at his own expense, was in 1938 placed a bounty of 100,000 Reichsmarks on them and burned their books publicly in Salzburg. Harand, which was at that time in England, but could not be caught and fled to the USA where she co-founded the exile organization "Austrian Forum " and in the 1940s the women's organization of the American "Non - Sectarian Anti- Nazi League to Champion Human Rights " led. They also helped Austrian Jews to visas for the United States, causing more than 100 people were able to escape from Nazi persecution. In 1941 she was involved in London at the founding of the Free Austrian Movement. In 1969 she was honored by the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial as " Righteous Among the Nations " and received the 1971 Golden Badge of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria. Irene Harand died in 1975 in New York. Her ashes were buried in the City of Vienna on 27 June 1975 in an honorary grave dedicated (Department ARI, number 153) in Urnenhain the fire hall Simmering.

Recognitions

Publications

• Sun or Sun? The truth about anti-Semitism. Austrian People's Party, Vienna 1933.
• " His fight. " Response to Hitler. Vienna 1935.
• " Son Combat. " Réponse á Hitler. Bruxelles et Vienne 1936.
• "His Struggle. " (An Answer to Hitler), Chicago, 1937.
• " His struggle " ( "His Fight" ) Answer to Hitler and his Mein Kampf. English translation by William B. Korach, Laguna Hills CA 1983.
• Franz R. Reiter ( ed.): His fight. Answer to Hitler. Reproduction of output Vienna 1935 Ephelant - Verlag, Wien 2005, ISBN 3-900766-16-9.
• "Hitler's Lies. " An Answer to Hitler 's Mein Kampf. Reproduction of output Vienna in 1935, Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai, 2010, ISBN 978-81-8495-070-0.