Iridology

Iridology (also Iris analysis, iridology, or eye diagnosis) is the pseudo-scientific view about the ability to diagnose systemic diseases in humans by analysis of tissue structures and their associated reflex zones of the eye, especially the iris. She could neither empirically nor theoretically be justified so far. From the perspective of its users iridology is rarely used as the sole diagnostic tool and is therefore usually complemented by other methods. They serve in particular the finding of a basic predisposition that could indicate possible weaknesses in the organism.

History

In addition to brief descriptions of the ancient Egyptians and a publication in the 15th century ( Meyers) the basics of iris diagnosis were described in 1670 by Philip Meynes, in the mid-19th century by the Hungarian doctor Ignaz von Peczely, of the method in the first Modern Times explored. Naturopaths, herbalists and homeopaths try to discover by means of iridology for them relevant symptoms and potential causes of disease. One of the first users in Germany was often referred to as Lehmpastor Emanuel Felke.

As before, however, there are very different approaches and individual developments of the iris diagnosis and no unified principles and doctrines, so that the proceedings would be no real teaching or a standard in alternative medicine spectrum.

Studies

Iridologen rely among other things on a 1954 published 62 page book of the physician Walter Lang, who should have proved that from the entire periphery with all organs pathways for Iris led, via the spinal cord and the thalamus as a stopover, segmentally arranged to in the segments of the iris.

Often referred to is also a book of the Karlsruhe general practitioner Franz Vida and naturopath Josef deck is from 1954, which would have found at 640 subjects in 74 percent of matches of Iridology and organ disorders.

It was repeatedly shown that the iris diagnosis lack any scientific basis. In a variety of clinical studies failed to demonstrate a greater than chance expectation accuracy of iris diagnosis.

Method

The iris diagnosis will focus on functional ( pathophysiological ) processes in the organism rather than on organ pathological states, referring to the classical theory of constitution of antiquity ( humoral ). It is assumed that the iris through material, " informational " and psychological environmental factors, diet, lifestyle diseases, their treatment, inter alia, life alters by lay up color pigments or their fibers condense locally.

Iris diagnosticians assess the color of the eye ( blue, brown or mixed forms ), differences in brightness of the iris tissue, structure and pattern of the iris fibers (loosening, compression, tension, intensity and direction ), flakes, clouds and fog-like inputs and deposits, pigment spots and - surfaces, color changes in the sclera ( white of the eye ), and the blood vessels of the conjunctiva (the amount of vessels, filling, tortuosity ). You can use two different topographies ( circular and sectoral), whose statements are linked. Use eye diagnostician usually a special binocular microscope with 10 - to 40 -fold magnification ( slit lamp ). These devices are often equipped with a camera. So-called constitutional basis information can be collected up to four - five times magnification with a loupe with.