ISO/IEC 14443
The ISO / IEC 14443 is an international standard series for contactless smart cards. These are used for identification systems, access control, but also pay applications ( engl. payment) such as credit cards, metro tickets, etc.
Within the standard, the reading unit will be referred to as a PCD ( Proximity Coupling Device ) and the card as PICC ( Proximity Integrated Circuit Card ). The permissible reading distance in closest proximity ( proximity ) for reliable reading of a few centimeters down to the direct laying.
The standard series Identification cards - Contactless integrated circuit cards consists of the following parts:
- Part 1: Physical characteristics (2008, first edition 2000)
- Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface (2010, first edition 2001)
- Type A: These cards are for the downlink (PCD → PICC ) 100 % ASK ( amplitude shift keying) used with a modified Miller coding. For the uplink (PICC → PCD) load modulation comes with ASK - modulated 847.5 kHz subcarrier in Manchester coding is used.
- Type B: Modulation method for the downlink (PCD → PICC ) is here 10% ASK ( amplitude shift keying) with NRZ ( non return to zero ) coding. The uplink (PICC → PCD) is realized as load modulation with BPSK (binary phase shift keying) modulated 847.5 kHz subcarrier in NRZ coding.
- Part 3: Initialization and anticollision (2008, first edition 2001)
- Part 4: Transmission protocol (2008, first edition 2001)
Known applications of the standard are the so-called ePassports by ICAO, such as the German passport, the German electronic identity card (from 1 November 2010), credit card systems, zBPayPass, including
The standard was developed by ISO - Working Group 8 ( WG8 ), a subgroup of ISO/IEC/SC17.