J. C. R. Licklider

Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider (* March 11, 1915, † 26 June 1990), only known as JCR Licklider or simply " Lick " was an American psychology professor. He shaped the early days of American computer science, by introducing new directions pointed out in senior positions in hardware and software development. He is considered a founding figure of artificial intelligence, advanced interaction concepts for computers, as well as the time- sharing and the Internet.

Life

Licklider was working in the Cold War Project at the SAGE ( Semi-Automatic Ground Environment ), the computer-based air defense system for the United States. 1950 Licklider moved from Harvard University to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

In October 1962, the Director of the United States Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA or ARPA ) Licklider offered to build a research department and to lead. Then moved to Licklider and ARPA founded the Information Processing Techniques Office ( IPTO ). Now Licklider was in a powerful position and was able to propagate his ideas further. In Washington, he campaigned for the time-sharing. The computer - establishment criticized at the time Licklider program. It was felt that a time-sharing an inefficient use of computer resources representative and therefore should not be pursued.

In 1968, Licklider director of Project MAC at MIT. This research program led to the commercial time -sharing, and later for networking.

Work

In his 1960 article published Man- Computer Symbiosis, Licklider described the concept of a simple interaction between humans and computers. The article was based on the work of its small research group at the U.S. defense contractor Bolt Beranek and Newman ( BBN ) in the late 50s. This was designed and implemented on the first PDP-1, a computer company Digital Equipment Corporation ( DEC), one of the first time-sharing systems.

In August 1962, Licklider described in a series of memos a global computer network (the " Galactic Network" ), which contained almost all the ideas that today characterize the Internet.

Another merit Licklider is largely unknown - could be used to do a doctorate at any American university in computer science, as justified Licklider work to set up adequate research base to four of the best universities in the country.

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