J. F. Oberlin
Johann Friedrich Oberlin (often French Jean -Frédéric Oberlin ) ( born August 31, 1740 in Strasbourg, † June 1, 1826 in Waldersbach ) was a Protestant pastor and social reformer from Alsace; in early education he is regarded as a pioneer of Friedrich Froebel and one of the fathers of the kindergarten.
Origin and study
Oberlin was the younger son of Johann Georg Oberlin (1701-1770), a teacher at the Lutheran School of Strasbourg, and Mary Magdalene (1718-1787), daughter of the lawyer Johann Heinrich Feltz. The philologist Jeremiah Jacob Oberlin was his older brother.
Oberlin studied 1755-1761 in his hometown of theology and then had goats Hagen in the household of the Strasbourg physician Daniel Gottlieb as a tutor or private tutor.
1763 Oberlin received his doctorate with his thesis " De Virium vivarum atque mortuarum mensuris " Magister. Four years later he was with his "De commodis et incommodis studii theologici " ("The Pros and Cons of theological studies " ) his theological final exam.
During this time, Oberlin made the acquaintance with the pastor and social reformer Johann Georg Stuber and through whose mediation summoned to him in 1767 as the successor to the pastor in the Evangelical community Waldersbach.
Work in Waldersbach
Oberlin improved fruit production, the meadow plants and agriculture, put on bridges and roads, which he built with the local farmers themselves, and set up supported by his friend Johann Lukas Basel Legrand, father of industrialist and philanthropist Daniel Legrand, several industrial companies. On his initiative, and infant schools, the first of which salle d' asile in Waldersbach, was led by his housekeeper Louise Scheppler emerged. 1785 founded Oberlin a loan and Loan and ultimately could with the help of a 1813 silk ribbon factory in stone valley are located.
Oberlin principle of education was: " Bring up your children without too much rigor ... with persistent gentle kindness, but without ridicule. " In order to promote the adults, he founded agricultural associations and introduced modern seeds and farming methods. Through his social pedagogical influence Oberlin also opened a way into the women recognized professional world.
In Oberlin's arrival in Steintal lived in the five villages of his community nearly 100 families in extreme poverty conditions; at the beginning of the 19th century, the population had grown to about 3000 people. The hardest test passed his social work in hunger between 1816 and 1817.
With over 85 years Pastor Oberlin died on 1 June 1826 in Waldersbach and found his final resting place in the cemetery of Fouday (German Urbach ), Department Bas- Rhin in.
Honors
After Oberlin Oberlin College, founded in 1833 and the eponymous town in Ohio are named. In Potsdam -Babelsberg of Oberlin Club Founded in 1871, operates the Oberlin house, an orthopedic clinic with an attached school. The JF Oberlin University in Tokyo bears his name. In Munich -Pasing the Protestant Frederick Oberlin Fachoberschule exists with the Friedrich Oberlin Foundation, founded in 1970. In Worms, in Olpe at Bigge, in Bamberg and in Roedinghausen Protestant nurseries are named after him. In Berlin there is the Oberlin seminar with a vocational school for social work, a College of Social and Technical School of Health and Social Welfare, Social focus. This is operated by the University Foundation of EKBO (Evangelical Church of Berlin -Brandenburg -Silesian Upper Lusatia ). The Evangelical Church in Germany has set up with the 2nd June, a day of remembrance for Oberlin in the Protestant calendar name.
Swell
Writings (selection )
- De Virium vivarum atque mortuarum mensuris. Strasbourg 1763rd
- De commodis et incommodis studii theologici. Strasbourg 1767th
- Johann Friedrich Oberlin, pastor in Bedrock, full life story and collected writings. Edited by Dr. Hilpert, Flushing and others. Together with consideration of all Hülfsmüttel and transmitted by W. Burckhardt, Pastor. 4 parts, Stuttgart 1843