J. M. G. Le Clézio

Gustave Le Clézio Jean -Marie, rare LeClézio ( born April 13, 1940 in Nice ) is a French- Mauritian hissers writer. In 2008 he received the Nobel Prize for Literature.

Life and family background

Jean -Marie Le Clézio is the son of Raoul Le Clézio and Simone Le Clézio. ( The parents are first cousins ​​and have the same grandparents: Sir Eugène Le Clézio [* 1832 † 1915 ] and his wife, Camille, born Accary [* 1835, † 1898 ] ).

The roots of his family have to France in Brittany and to the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. Ancestors of his family (François Alexis Le Clézio [* 1771; ? †] and his wife Marie Julienne [* 1779, † 1834, born Monple ] ) emigrated to escape the revolutionary turmoil in 1793 from Brittany to Mauritius. The island was at that time still under French rule and later became English.

Succeeding generations brought it to economic success. So was Le Clézios great-great- grandfather ( Alexis ) Jules Eugène Le Clézio (* 1805, † 1893) President of the Mauritius Commercial Bank, founded in 1833, the newspaper Le MAURITANIA and later became the owner of a sugar plantation.

Le Clézio has both French nationality and that of Mauritius. He spent his childhood in Nice. His father, a British tropical medicine in Nigeria and Cameroon, who had remained separated during the Second World War there and of his family, he first learned the age of eight know when he was traveling with his mother and one year older brother to Africa. During the two-month voyage, he wrote his first short stories in the cabin. To travel and to write since then belong together for him. After the return of the family to Europe and the end of his schooling, he studied English in London and Bristol, while he taught French, then at the Collège littéraire universitaire in Nice philosophy and literature, and completed his studies in 1964 in Aix -en- Provence. A thesis on Lautréamont's " Les chants de Maldoror " remained unfinished. 1966/67, he was under his military service, worked as a development worker in Bangkok and Mexico. In 1983 he received his doctorate at the University of Perpignan with a thesis on Mexico's early history. He taught at universities in Bangkok, Mexico City, Boston, Austin and Albuquerque.

He is married to his second wife of posts originating from Western Sahara Le Clézio Jemia and has three daughters: Patricia, Alice and Anna Le Clézio.

Le Clézio has been known as a 23- year-old with his first Protocol ( Procès - verbal). Since then, more than thirty works of Le Clézio published, including short stories, novels, essays, short stories and two translations of Indian mythology.

Le Clézio in 2001 interview

In an interview published in "Label France" in 2001, leaves the Paris-based literary scholar Tirthankar Chanda Le Clézio design a self-portrait in which reflect clearly the development of the writer has gone through since his first success as a 23- year-old away from the French literary establishment. If Le Clézio recognizes himself in the characterization to be open to both mystical as well as philosophical and ecological issues, then be taken into account that he pursued much less ideas than that he wants to express himself and what he believes. In contrast to the literary involvement in it, as shown in Jean -Paul Sartre, Albert Camus, John Dos Passos and John Steinbeck and the expressed a lot of confidence in human development and the power of writing, he sees in the contemporary literature rather despair prevail. This literature is anyway unfit to change the world. In his preferred genre of the novel, which eludes a unique assignment that he could best respond to the multipolarity of the world. If he applies to be classified as not easy in the French literary world, then that has to do with the legacy of the encyclopedist, in which all that was not enough for its universal classification of claim, will be marginalized in the exotic. Arthur Rimbaud or Victor Segalen had any examples. Also present writer from the Southern Hemisphere have appeared on the European book market only have a chance if they satisfied the European category of " exotic ". When he had become aware of how much the European rationalism has driven urban development and technical aspect, he had turned to other civilizations in which other expressive qualities count more. So he had in the late 1960s, can also make trips to Panama on a two- year stay in Mexico, where he was seconded Institut français for Latin America, rather than be drafted into military service for ordering books notes, where he became acquainted with the Embera. Between 1970 and 1974 he stayed again at these Indians. They would have impressed him because they lived without legal or religious authority. About to write same have earned him the accusation of being the myth eat up the "noble savage ". He did not want to make another than to illustrate the different criteria and values ​​by which they lived. In his works - romances for example in Coeur Brûle et autres (2000) - go there he is seeking to compare the European world, which is one of the domesticity of interiors and the Verschulung with crops that are turned outward, the moment are and where life happens on the road. Occasions for writing these stories would have resulted from mixed newspaper news, so based on actual things happened.

The Autobiographical he consider more and more, the bourgeois novel of the 19th century come so far contrary, as he had developed as a testbed for diverse forms of expression, because he had discovered, and formed each generation new, by adding new elements in it introduced. In his letter, the WOULD sometimes as if he would want to obliterate all genre boundaries. In it suggest also reflected the legacy of his Lieblingsromanciers Robert Louis Stevenson and James Joyce. You drew as well as VS Naipaul from the experience of their first years of life. For him, whose family had been resident in Mauritius for generations, a country where India, Africa and Europe met each other, count the experience of exile. He was born in France as always had the impression that his homeland lies somewhere else and once he 'll get there. So he felt close to his Breton ancestors who had gone to Mauritius to settle down at the other end of the world. France meant to him as a nation not Compulsory, but the French language was perhaps his true home.

Awards

In 2008, Le Clézio was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. It was awarded to him as " author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization."

Nomination

Works in German translation

• The Yama- Tree and Other Stories, translated by Uli Wittmann, Kiepemheuer & Petrovich, Cologne, 2013, ISBN 978-3-462-04560-4
• Song of hunger. Novel, translated from the French by Uli Wittmann, Kiepenheuer & Petrovich, Cologne 2009, 217 pp. ISBN 978-3-462-04136-1
• Pawana Kiepenheuer & Petrovich, Cologne 2009 ISBN 978-3-462-04145-3
• Raga - A visit to an invisible continent Wunderhorn, Heidelberg 2008 ISBN 978-3-88423-310-8
• The African Hanser, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-446-20948-0
• Revolutions Kiepenheuer & Petrovich, Cologne 2006 ISBN 978-3-462-03680-0
• Fish from gold ibid. 2003 ISBN 978-3-462-03219-2
• Onitsha ibid. 2002 ISBN 978-3-462-02278-0. Paperback: ISBN 978-3-442-72094-1
• A place far removed from the world ibid. 1998 ISBN 978-3-462-02886-7
• Fleeing Star ibid. 1996 ISBN 978-3-462-02523-1
• The Mexican Dream List, Munich 1989 ISBN 978-3-471-78046-6
• Desert Kiepenheuer & Petrovich, Cologne 1989 ISBN 3-462-01999-6
• Mondo. Narratives Übers Rolf & Hedda Soellner. List, Munich 1988 ISBN 3-471-78042-4. TB: Fischer, Frankfurt 1991, ISBN 3-596-29593-9 ( contains the title story: .. Lullaby The mountain of the living God waterwheel From someone who set out to see the sea Hazaran The Sky People The shepherds. .. . )
• The prospectors Übers Rolf & Hedda Soellner, K & W 1985 ISBN 978-3-462-01868-4. Frequent new editions, and also folk & world, Berlin 1989 Last: . ISBN 978-3-462-04115-6 2008
• Nothing can be truly beautiful. in accents (magazine) H. 2, April 1988, pp. 151-153
• Letter from Albuquerque. in ibid. pp. 148-151
• The fever Piper, Munich 1971 ISBN 3-492-01901-3
• Terra amata ibid. 1970
• The Flood ibid. 1968
• The protocol ibid. 1965

Works ( in the original)

• Le Procès -verbal, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1963 Prix Renaudot
• Le Jour où Beaumont fit connaissance avec sa douleur, Mercure de France, L' écharpe d'Iris, Paris 1964, np
• La Fièvre, nouvelles, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1965, 237 pp.
• Le Déluge, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1966, 288 pp.
• L' Extase matérielle, essai, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1967, 229 pp.
• Terra Amata, novel, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1967, 248 pp.
• Le Livre des fuites, novel, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1969, 290 pp.
• La Guerre, novel, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris, 1970, 295 pp.
• Lullaby, Gallimard, 1970
• Haï, Skira, "Les Sentiers de la création ", Genève 1971, 170 pp.
• Mydriasis, illustrations de Vladimir Velickovic, Fata Morgana, Saint- Clément- la- Rivière, 1973
• Les Géants, novel, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1973, 320 pp.
• Voyages de l' autre côté, nouvelles, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris, 1975, 308 pp.
• Les Prophéties Chilam Balam you, version et présentation de JMG Le Clézio, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1976, 201 pp.
• Verse les icebergs, Éditions Fata Morgana, " exploration ", Montpellier 1978, contains ' Iniji by Henri Michaux
• Mondo et autres histoires, nouvelles, Gallimard, Paris, 1978, 278 pp. (title story made ​​into a film by Tony Gatlif 1996, engl. Version 1997, VHS 1999 ASIN 1567301657 )
• L' Inconnu sur la Terre, essai, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1978, 325 pp.
• Voyage au pays des arbres, dessiné par Henri Galeron, Gallimard, " Enfant Images ", Paris 1978, 27 pp.
• Désert, Roman, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1980, 410 pp.
• Troisvilles Saintes, Gallimard, Paris, 1980, 81 p.
• La Ronde et autres faits divers, nouvelles, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris 1982, 235 pp.
• Relation de Michoacan, version et présentation de JMG Le Clézio, Gallimard, "tradition", Paris, 1984, 315 p.- 10 p. de pl.
• Le Chercheur d'or, Gallimard, Paris, 1985, 332 pp.
• Voyage à Rodrigues, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris, 1986
• Le Rêve ou la pensée mexicain interrompue, Gallimard, " NRF Essais ", Paris, 1988, 248 pp.
• Printemps et autres saisons, Gallimard, "Le Chemin ", Paris, 1989, 203 pp.
• Sirandanes, Seghers, 1990, 93 pp.
• Onitsha: roman Gallimard, Paris 1991
• Étoile errante Gallimard, Paris 1992
• Pawana Gallimard, Paris 1992
• Diego et Frida floor, " Échanges ", Paris 1993, 237 p.- 12 p. de pl.
• La Quarantaine novel, Gallimard, Paris 1995
• Poisson d'or roman, Gallimard, 1997
• Gene of the nuage ' in 1999, Gallimard, Travel journal written with his wife Jemia during a Sahara trip, with photos of Bruno Barbey
• La Fête Chantee, Essais, Gallimard, "Le Promeneur », 1997
• Hasard ( suivi d' Angoli Mala ) romans, Gallimard, Paris 1999
• Cœur Brûle et autres romances, Gallimard, Paris 2000
• Révolutions, novel, Gallimard, Paris 2003
• L' Africain, Mercure de France, " Traits et portraits » Paris 2004
• Ourania, novel, Gallimard, " Collection Blanche ", Paris 2005
• Raga: approche du continent invisible, Éditions du Seuil, " Peuples de l' eau ", Paris 2006
• Ballaciner, essai, Gallimard, 2007
• Ritournelle de la faim novel, Gallimard, " Collection Blanche » Paris 2008