J. Michael Bishop

John Michael Bishop, called Michael Bishop ( born February 22, 1936 in York, Pennsylvania) is an American virologist, cancer researcher and microbiologist.

In 1982 he received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research, 1984 Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. Prize. In 1989 he received along with Harold E. Varmus received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine " for their discovery of the cellular origin of the potentially carcinogenic so-called retroviruses ".

Bishop studied at Gettysburg College Chemistry and in 1962 at Harvard University in medical doctorate (MD). 1964-1968 he worked as a virologist at the National Institutes of Health ( National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ). He then spent a year at the Heinrich Pette Institute in Hamburg before 1968 to the University of California, San Francisco, went. In 1972 he received a full professorship. There he is now Director of the Bishop Lab. 1998 to 2009 he was Chancellor of the University.

His main area of ​​work are retroviruses and oncogenes. He discovered in the 1980s with the first human oncogene Varmus c -Src. He examined numerous other oncogenes and their precursors in normal cells (proto - oncogenes) and their role in normal and cancer cells and developed in his laboratory models in mice as experimental animals from a variety of cancers.

1984 Bishop was awarded the Gairdner Foundation International Award, and in 2003 he received the National Medal of Science. In 2008 he became a member of the Royal Society.

See also Rous sarcoma virus, oncovirus.

Writings

  • Cancer genes, Scientific American, May 1982
  • How to win the Nobel Prize, an unexpected life in science, Harvard University Press 2004
  • Cellular oncogenes and retroviruses, Annual Review Biochemistry, Volume 52, 1983, S.301 -354
  • Proto - oncogenes: Clues to the puzzle of purpose, Nature, vol 316, 1985, p 483
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