JÄbir ibn Zayd
Abū sch- damage ʿ tha Jabir ibn Zaid al - azdi (Arabic ابو الشعثاء جابر بن زيد الازدي, DMG Abū š - Ša ʿ Tá Ǧābir ibn Zaid al - azdi, * 639-642 in Firq at Nizwa, † 711-723 in Basra ) was an Islamic tradition Aryans and Mufti, who is considered the founder of ibāditischen law school. Today's Ibadis consider him as their first Imam.
Dschābirs belonging to the Ibadis was controversial, however. In non- ibāditischen sources such as the "Great class book" of Muhammad ibn Sa ʿ d is narrated that the Ibadis Jabir indeed for themselves collected but that he had always rejected a relationship with them by yourself. Ibadite sources told this behavior as a religiously offered "secrecy " ( Kitman ). In modern research, it is assumed, however, that at the time of the Ibadis Jabir had not yet taken shape as a separate group, but he was so important for the later Ibadis as a teaching authority that they regarded him as one of their own.
Life
Jabir, who was blind in one eye, was the Yahmad, a tribal group of Azd ʿ Umān, and came in the wake of the Islamic conquests as a fighter to Basra, where he settled down during the reign of Uthman ibn Affan, or a little later. There he attended the training sessions of ʿ Abd Allāh ibn ʿ Abbās, who is said to have been very highly of him. After his departure, he became the most important fiqh authority of Basra next to al -Hasan al - Basri. When al -Hasan took part in the Ghazw, he should have taken his position as Mufti.
After 694 al - Hajjaj ibn Yūsuf became governor of Iraq, Jabir developed friendly relations with its Maula and secretary Yazīd ibn Abī Muslim who is said to have been a Charidschit. Yazīd introduced him at al - Hajjaj, who offered him a Kadi - office, but what Jabir refused. Notwithstanding Meanwhile Jabir in the " parent roll the warrior " ( Diwan Al - muqātila ) was added, which brought periodic payments of the state in the amount of 600 to 700 dirhams with him. At an unknown date, however, he fell in al - Hajjaj in disgrace, the exiled then detained him or to Oman. When actually took place a banishment, he must be returned to Basra, for it is said that he died in Basra and was buried there.
Works
Jabir is credited with the writing of a Dīwān, which probably represented a collection of his fatwas. Two books of his fatwas, one on marriage, the other about the ritual prayer, have been preserved in North African manuscripts. The Omani Ministry of Culture in 1984 a collection of his fatwas entitled Min ǧawābāt al Imam Ibn Zayd Ǧābir ( " Jabir ibn Zaid From the answers " ) issued. In addition, lying in North African and Omani libraries several manuscripts of letters Dschābirs that are not yet published.