Jacob Theodor Klein

Jacob Theodor Klein ( born August 15, 1685 in Königsberg ( Prussia); † February 27, 1759 in Danzig) was a Prussian law and history scientist, botanist, mathematician and diplomat. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Small".

Life and work

Klein, who was a lawyer and diplomat in the service of the city of Danzig, took advantage of the numerous journeys he undertook in this function, to build one of the largest private natural history collections of the 18th century. In Gdansk, he established a botanical garden, which enjoyed great popularity in his time.

Particularly, Klein worked with issues of Zoological Systematics and presented its own system of classification of animals, which was based on number, shape and position of the limbs. Small stand with regard to the zoological systematics in dispute with Carl Linnaeus, whose estimates he refused. For his work in the field of natural history, Klein had the membership of various scientific societies been awarded, among others, March 6, 1729, the Royal Society. He was father of the Gdansk Mayor Daniel Gralath.

He was also a correspondent of the pastor and polyhistorian Friedrich Christian Lesser (1692-1754) in Nordhausen / Thuringia.

Ehrentaxon

Carl Linnaeus named in his honor the genus Kleinia plant sunflower family ( Asteraceae).

Writings (selection )

  • Natural order and increased history of quadrupeds. Schuster, 1760 Danzig p.m.
  • Preparation for a full history birds. Schmidt, Leipzig, Lübeck 1760 p.m.
  • Tentamen herpetologiae. Luzac jun., Leiden, Göttingen 1755.
  • Doutes observations ou de M. Klein, sur la Revue des animaux, faite par le premier homme sur quelques animaux des classes of quadrupedes & amphibies du Système de la nature, de M. Linnaeus. Bauche, Paris, 1754.
  • Ordre naturel of oursins de mer et fossil, avec des observations sur les piquans of oursins de mer, et quelques remarques sur les Belemnites ... Bauche, Paris, 1754.
  • Tentamen methodological ostracologicæ immersive Dispositio naturalis cochlidum et concharum in suas classes, genera et species. Wishoff, Leiden 1753.
  • Quadrupedum dispositio brevisque historia naturalis. Schmidt, Leipzig 1751st
  • Historiae avium prodromus. Schmidt, Lübeck in 1750.
  • Mantissa ichtyologica de sono et auditu piscium immersive Disquisitio Rationum, quibus author Epistolae in Bibliotheca Gallica de auditu piscium, omnes pisces mutos surdosque eat contendit. Leipzig 1746.
  • Historiæ piscium naturalis promovendæ missus quartus de piscibus by branchias Apertas spirantibus ad justum numerum et ordinem redigendis. Gleditsch & Schreiber, Leipzig, Danzig 1744 ( online).
  • Summa dubiorum about classes quadrupedum et amphibiorum in Celebris domini Caroli linnaei Systemate naturae. Leipzig, Danzig 1743rd
  • Naturalis dispositio echinodermatum. Schreiber, Gdansk 1734th
  • Descriptiones tubulorum marinorum. Knoch, Gdansk 1731.
  • At tithymaloides. Schreiber, Gdansk 1730.

In Friedrich Christian Lesser works

  • Kurtzer Entwurff a Lithotheologie. Nordhausen 1732
  • Testaceo - Theologia. Blochberger, Leipzig, Frankfurt 1744-70.

He calls the Gdańsk city secretary small as his patron.

Gdańsk Botany Mathematics Diplomacy Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Armin Geus Neue Deutsche Biographie International Plant Names Index Critica Botanica Genera Plantarum Integrated Authority File
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