Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart
Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart (* November 4, 1742 in Holderness Bank AG, Switzerland, † June 26, 1795 in Hannover ) was a German pharmacist and botanist of Swiss origin. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Ehrh. ".
Life and work
His parents were John Ehrhart and Magdalena, born wild.
He devoted himself from his youth to the study of natural sciences, began in 1765 a pharmacist - administration in Nuremberg and then worked as an assistant pharmacist in Erlangen, Hanover and Stockholm, where he listened to Peter Jonas Bergius ( 1730-1790 ). From 1774 to 1776 Ehrhart was a student in Uppsala of both Linnaeus.
From 1778, he ordered the collections of the pharmacist Johann Gerhard Reinhard Andreae in Hanover, where he published the first decades of his dried plants and the Supplementum Plantarum of the younger Linnaeus. In 1780 he became the "Royal Grossbritanischer Churchill and the Prince of Brunswick- Lüneburgischer botanist " and worked for the government in Hanover, among other things, a " Hanoverian plant history." To this end, he traveled from 1780 to 1780 in the government contract the electorate and adjacent areas and recorded his floristic observations.
On September 15, 1779, he discovered in the Limmer wood a small swamp, whose spring water rich in sulfur smell. From this source of sulfur, the Limmer well a spa for gout and rheumatism patients rapidly developed. On November 22, 1779, he pushing the " Hanoverian Magazine " an article: " Last summer I found on my botanical Sonntagsexcursionen on the road from Linden to Davenstedt some plants that I previously only bey salt springs and the Seestrande, or at such places that do not were far removed from this, or at least formerly covered with salt water, in short, only because, as the saline was found ... ". This Product was later discovered Georg Egestorff, the 1831 Saline Egestorffshall founded there.
He was then head of the Royal Gardens to Mr. Hausen near Hanover.
In addition to the saline springs in Badenstedt Ehrhart also analyzed, according to tradition, by notice of the court physician Johann Georg Zimmermann, the then named after the mayor Ernst Anton Holy Heiliger fountain in the Eilenriede.
Of historical importance Ehrhart is particularly because the taxon of the subspecies back to him, which he for the first time in 1780 and 1784 anwandte defined for the first time.
Taxonomic ceremony
The plant genus Ehrharta Thunb. from the family of grasses ( Poaceae ) has been named after him.
Works
- Chloris hanoverana. , 1776.
- Supplementum systematis vegetabilium, generum et specierum plantarum. , 1781.
- Contributions to Natural History, and its related sciences, especially botany, chemistry, domestic and agriculture, Arzneigelahrtheit and pharmacists art. 7 volumes, 1787 to 1792, doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.44806.
- Autobiography in Usteris Annals of Botany