James Blundell (physician)

James Blundell (* December 27, 1790 in London, † January 15, 1878 in London) was a physiologist and obstetrician. He led the first successful blood transfusion in human medicine. In 1838 he was appointed as a full member of the Royal College of Physicians.

Career

After graduating in 1813 in Edinburgh taught 1814-34 at Guys Hospital in London obstetrics for midwives and received during this activity, there is also a professor of obstetrics. On Guys Hospital he also led the first successful blood transfusion from human to human through. In addition Bundell was also a leading physiologist of his time, drew attention to himself especially by his contributions to the surgery of the abdominal cavity and to understand the origin of puerperal fever.

1834 his lectures were published as Principles and practice of obstetricy. it is also found his essay on endotracheal intubation and artificial respiration asphyktischer newborns: ".... In performing artificial respiration on new- born children, I have frequently -observed, .... These facts Admitted, there can, I presume, be no doubt, did When the fetus is still- born, the artificial respiration Should Be diligently tried. The only mode of performing this surgery is effectually by Means of ... the tracheal pipe, Which I think every accoucheur shoulderstand carry alongwith him to a labor. The tracheal pipe is a little tube of silver, designed to fit into the trachea, .... This done, you june take the child into your hands, and from your own lungs inflate the lungs you june of the fetus, emptying them afterwards by Means of double pressure of the hand, ... " (quoted by )

In 1834 he resigned after a dispute with its treasurer from Guys Hospital and then led his own practice. In 1847 he went into retirement.

Blood transfusion

After bundle had numerous animal experiments with the aim of exploring technology and benefits of a blood transfusion performed, he held in 1818 in the medical-surgical company in London to a lecture. Shortly thereafter, he led the first documented blood transfusion at Guys Hospital in London on a hopeless ill patients ( the contemporary description includes a endgradig advanced cancer of the stomach back - " ... scirrhous nature of the pylorus and of the upper part of the duodenum ... " (quoted by ) ). Transferring this was about half a liter of blood ( 12-14 ounces in the cephalic vein ). The blood came from the people happened to be present. The patient survived after subsequent clinical improvement still another 56 hours.

In October 1825 one of his students gave a lecture on a successful blood transfusion performed by him at such a woman who convalesced then permanently. The extent to which transfusion was indeed lifesaving, was then a lively discussion among experts.

The tests of the blood compatibility was introduced only in the 20th century (1907 ) by Reuben Ottenberg after Karl Landsteiner had discovered in 1901 the AB0 system.

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