James Sheridan Muspratt

James Sheridan Muspratt ( born March 8, 1821 in Dublin, Ireland, † February 3, 1871 in West Derby in Liverpool) was a British chemist.

Life and work

The son of a chemist James Muspratt studied chemistry at Thomas Graham in Glasgow and London, and from 1843 to 1845 when Justus von Liebig in Giessen. He has held positions as assistant to the Liebig 's pupil August Wilhelm von Hofmann, before the Liverpool College of Chemistry founded in 1848, where he also taught as a professor.

From 1854 onwards, published Muspratt be appearing in several fascicles manual Chemistry, Theoretical, Practical and Analytical. The work put his less emphasis on the theoretical background, as to the practical application of industrial chemical processes and at the same time thus offered an overview of the state of the British chemical industry in the mid -19th century. The approximately 2000seitige manual contained 80 entries for keywords such as alum, ammonia, acetic acid or paint. In addition, 31 etchings were printed with portraits of chemists of the 19th century. Aside from a Russian translation Muspratt work by Friedrich Stohmann was translated into German and edited this content again. The German edition was published in several editions and was the forerunner for Fritz Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry later.

For his services Muspratt of Harvard University was awarded an honorary doctorate.

Works (selection)

• Outlines of Analysis, 1849
• Theoretical, practical and analytical chemistry as applied to arts and manufactures (Original Title: Chemistry, Theoretical, Practical and Analytical, 1854). Publishing CA Schwetschke & Sohn, Braunschweig, 1 -3- ed Brunswick from 1854 to 1880, 4th Edition Vieweg Verlag, Braunschweig 1888-1922 ( Encyclopädisches under the revised title Handbook of Industrial Chemistry )