Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Jean of Nassau ( born January 5, 1921 on Schlossberg in Colmar- Berg) was 1964-2000 Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Duke of Nassau.
Title
His full name is Jean Benoît Guillaume Robert Antoine Louis Marie Adolphe Marc d' Aviano of Nassau. During his tenure, he led the title "His Royal Highness Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Duke of Nassau, Prince of Bourbon -Parma, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Count of Sayn, Königstein, Katzenelenbogen and Diez, Burggraf von Hammerstein, Lord of Mahlberg, Wiesbaden, Idstein, Merenberg, Limburg and Eppstein ".
Life
Prince Jean was born as the eldest son of the Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg and Prince Felix of Bourbon- Parma. From 1934, the Prince attended a private Catholic boarding school in the English Ampleforth and was appointed Grand Duke on January 5, 1939 after the completion of the 18th year. During the Second World War there was the grand-ducal family together with the government in exile in Canada and the UK.
After Hereditary Grand Duke Jean had studied at Canada's University of Laval (Québec), he entered on 29 November 1942 in the British regiment of the " Irish Guards " and was involved as an active soldier in the liberation of the continent. On 11 June 1944 he landed in Normandy and took part in the Battle of Caen and the liberation of Brussels. On September 10, 1944, the day of the liberation of Luxembourg, Hereditary Grand Duke Jean was assigned to Luxembourg, where he was enthusiastically received in the afternoon of the population. Shortly before the end of the war he was part of a unit that liberated Arnhem and was involved in the Battle of the Bulge.
The time when Grand Duke
On April 28, 1961 Grand Duchess Charlotte Grand Duke Jean appointed to their governor, which he held on behalf of his mother, the official business of the Luxembourg head of state.
After the abdication of his mother on November 12, 1964 ascended the throne, Grand Duke Jean and performed on the same day prescribed by the Constitution oath before the Chamber of Deputies.
Grand Duke Jean exercised his office with the utmost discretion so as not to jeopardize its role as a non-partisan symbol of the unity and independence of the state.
During his tenure, Luxembourg developed from an agricultural and industrial town to a modern service center. So settled from the end of the sixties the first international banks in Luxembourg and east of the city center of the capital, a 350 -hectare area for bodies of the European Community was opened, the second of which is headquartered in Luxembourg.
Grand Duke Jean, under whose tenure Luxembourg in 1989 celebrated the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of its independence and the centenary of the accession of the House of Nassau -Weilburg, transferred in March 1998, the current presidency to Hereditary Grand Duke Henri, and finally on 7 October 2000 at the Crown of the Grand Duchy of without.
Marriage and Family
Hereditary Grand Duke Jean married on 9 April 1953, the Belgian Princess Josephine Charlotte, the sister of Belgian kings Baudouin I and Albert II, who died after a 77 - year long battle with cancer on January 10, 2005. From this marriage five children were born:
- The reigning since 2000, Grand Duke and Hereditary Grand Duke Henri former (* 1955), who has five children and two grandchildren
- Princess Marie -Astrid (born 1954 ), the five children and a grandson
- Princess Margaretha ( b. 1957 ), who had four children, of whom three survived
- Prince Jean ( b. 1957 ), who has four children
- Prince Guillaume ( b. 1963 ), who has four children
Drive up
Duke Charles II (Parma) (1799-1883) ∞ 1820 princess Maria Theresa of Savoy (1803-1879)
Charles Ferdinand de Bourbon, Duke of Berry (1778-1820) ∞ 1816 princess Marie Caroline of Bourbon- Sicily (1798-1870)
King John VI. (Portugal ) (1767-1826) ∞ 1785 princess Charlotte Joachime of Spain (1775-1830)
Prince Konstantin zu Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosenberg (1802-1838) ∞ 1829 princess Marie Agnes of Hohenlohe (1804-1835)
Duke William I (Nassau ) (1792-1839) ∞ 1813 princess Louise of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1794-1825)
Prince Friedrich August von Anhalt- Dessau (1799-1864) ∞ 1832 princess Marie of Hesse- Kassel (1814-1895)
King John VI. (Portugal ) (1767-1826) ∞ 1785 princess Charlotte Joachime of Spain (1775-1830)
Prince Konstantin zu Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosenberg (1802-1838) ∞ 1829 princess Marie Agnes of Hohenlohe (1804-1835)
Duke Charles III. (Parma ) ( 1823-1854 ) ∞ 1845 princess Louise Marie Thérèse of France (1819-1864)
King Michael I. ( Portugal) ( 1802-1866 ) ∞ 1851 princess Adelaide of Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosenberg (1831-1909)
Grand Duke Adolph (1817-1905) ∞ 1851 princess Marie Adelheid of Anhalt- Dessau (1833-1916)
King Michael I. (Portugal ) (1802-1866) ∞ 1851 princess Adelaide of Löwenstein -Wertheim -Rosenberg (1831-1909)
Duke Robert I (Parma) (1848-1907) ∞ 1884 Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal (1862-1959)
Grand Duke William IV (1852-1912) ∞ 1893 Infanta Maria Anna of Portugal (1861-1942)
Prince Felix of Bourbon- Parma (1893-1970) ∞ 1919 Grand Duchess Charlotte (1896-1985)
Jean Benoît Guillaume Robert Antoine Louis Marie Adolphe Marc d' Aviano of Nassau ( b. 1921 )