Jean-Vincent Scheil

Jean -Vincent Scheil ( born June 10, 1858 in kingmakers, † September 21, 1940 in Paris) was a French Assyriologist and deciphered the Codex Hammurabi.

Jean Scheil occurred in 1882 in the Dominican Order and was given the religious name of Vincent. After he had completed the orden usual studied theology and was ordained as a Catholic priest, Scheil began in 1887 a study of Egyptology and Assyriology at the École pratique des hautes études, and at the Collège de France with Arthur Amiaud, Jules Oppert, Gaston Maspero and Pierre -Paul Guieysse.

In 1890 he became a member of the Archaeological Mission Française du Caire and participated in the investigation of the Necropolis of Thebes. 1892-93 he cataloged the ancient Near Eastern and Egyptian monuments of the Archaeological Museum in Istanbul ( then in the holiday season until 1898 ). In 1894 he directed the excavations of Sippar. In 1895 he was succeeded Arthur Amiaud professor of Assyriology at the École pratique des hautes études ( emeritus 1933).

Since 1899 he was a member of the mission Archéologique en Perse under Jacques de Morgan, who conducted the excavations of Susa. During the investigation in December 1901 and January 1902 Scheil was there involved in the discovery of a stele made ​​of basalt, which provides the text of the Code of Hammurabi. Scheil deciphered the stele immediately and translated the Codex of the Akkadian into French. This he achieved world fame.

Pope Leo XIII. appointed him in 1903 to Konsultator the Pontifical Biblical Commission. His appointment to the chair of Assyriology at the College de France after the retirement of Jules Oppert 1905 failed because he was a Catholic priest. Jean -Vincent Scheil was taken in December 1908 in the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres.

Publications (selection)

  • Inscription assyrienne archaïque de Samsi - Ramman IV, roi d' Assyrie ( 824-811 av JC ), Paris 1889
  • With Arthur Amiaud: Les Inscriptions de Salmanazar II, roi d' Assyrie ( 860-824 av JC ), Paris 1890
  • Recueil de signes de l' écriture archaïques cuneiform, Paris 1898
  • With Charles Fossey: Grammaire assyrienne, Paris 1901
  • Code of lois de Hammourabi, roi de Babylone, vers l' an 2000 av JC, In " Mémoires de la Delegation en Perse " 4, Paris 1902, pp. 111-162
  • Une saison de fouilles a Sippar, Cairo 1902
  • Annales de Tukulti Ninip II, Paris 1909
  • Esagil, ou le Temple de Bêl -Marduk à Babylone, Paris 1913
  • Le prisme d' Assaraddon, Paris 1914
  • Recueil de lois assyriennes, Paris 1921
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