Jenny Lind
Jenny Lind ( born October 6, 1820 Stockholm as Johanna Maria Lind, † November 2, 1887 in Malvern, Worcestershire ) was a Swedish opera singer (soprano ), because of their meteoric, cross-continental career as " The Swedish Nightingale" in the history of music entered.
Life
Jenny Lind, who came from a poor family, was taken at the age of nine years in the Conservatory Stockholm. She debuted on March 7, 1838 in the role of Agathe in Weber's Der Freischütz. She was nominated with 20 years member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music in Stockholm and the court singer. She graduated in 1841 with Manuel Patricio Rodríguez García in Paris in 1844 and entered the first time in Berlin, and later in all major cities of Europe. Especially in opera arias by Bellini, Meyerbeer, Rossini and Donizetti she had her brilliant performances. She was courted by the royal houses of Europe and invited to performances, so among other things, by King Oscar I of Sweden and Norway, Frederick William IV of Prussia and Queen Victoria of Great Britain.
Not only her voice must have been brilliant, she could by her beauty seem to captivate also, various poets. 1843 love the poet Hans Christian Andersen in it, but that did not return. The resulting at that time story " The Nightingale ", which clearly refers for a biographical note Andersen on them, soon led to the fact that Jenny Lind was known as " The Swedish Nightingale". Among her admirers were Robert Schumann, Hector Berlioz and especially Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, with whom she had a year-long friendship.
On a tour in Vienna in 1846, she heard the poet Franz Grillparzer and raved in a romantic infatuation with her vocal art:
1848 she met Frédéric Chopin know in London; spite of mutual affection, which was known from letters to her family, and violent efforts on their part, among other things a trip to Paris in May 1849 but did not managed to get him to marriage.
This disappointment was a major influence on their subsequent career, since 1849, with only 29 years, she retired to the public surprisingly from the opera stage and devoted himself exclusively to the concert song singing.
In the winter semester 1849/50 Jenny Lind received as so far the only woman's honor band of fraternity Hannovera in Göttingen.
Jenny Lind is still known to have been the subject of a 1850-1852 Star revelry of hitherto unknown proportions in their organized by PT Barnum tour of the USA. There are contemporary illustrations that depict an out of control geratenes audience. My companion at the piano was the pianist Julius Benedict.
In Boston, she married the German composer Otto Goldschmidt (1829-1907), who was also her pianist, and returned in 1852 with him back to Europe, where she appeared only rarely in the context of charity events. Between 1852 and 1855 she lived in Dresden, from 1856 in London. In the same year she was photographed by Hermann Krone ( see picture). In the following years she gave birth to two sons and a daughter. In 1870 she appeared on the Lower Rhine Music Festival in Dusseldorf for the last time publicly. There she sang the soprano solo in the oratorio Ruth, he had composed her husband.
Since the founding of the Royal College of Music in London in 1883, she headed until 1886, a year before her death, the master class in singing. Jenny Lind died on November 2, 1887 Malvern spa and was buried in London at Westminster Abbey on Poet's Corner.
Effect
An invitation in the London home of the Swedish Nightingale is described in Theodor Fontane's novel The Stechlin.
Jenny Lind never forgot her humble origins and donated large parts of their assets for poor musicians, hospitals and orphanages. Therefore today bear facilities, V.A. in the UK, the U.S. and Sweden, its name. In the U.S., you meet more often on roads that are named after her. An island off the coast of New England is also named after her, like an island in the territory of Nunavut in northern Canada. The first opera house of San Francisco was Jenny Lind Opera House named.
1862 Jenny Lind donated a prize for young Swedish musician who was not connected to a three -year funding. Today, the Jenny Lind Prize is awarded annually to a young Swedish singer and is connected to two months touring in the U.S. and in Sweden as well as a scholarship.
Jenny Lind heard - even over a century borders - the most famous country children in Sweden. Her name is professionals from the opera environment and connoisseurs of the country still familiar, the Swedes are proud of this artist and keep their memory in honor. Her image adorns the current 50 - kroner bill the Bank of Sweden.
Her life was made into a movie. The role of the singer in the strips of canvas The Swedish Nightingale (1941 ) played Ilse Werner. Erna Berger sang the songs that Franz Grothe wrote for the leading lady.
In the U.S. Hallmark Entertainment film production from 2001 Hans Christian Andersen - My life as a fairytale (directed by Philip Saville ) takes its relationship with Hans Christian Andersen, a broad space. Jenny is represented by the Northern Irish actress Flora Montgomery.
Others
Fire Queen and Jenny Lind were the first locomotives of the Padarn Railway of the Dinorwic slate quarry in Wales.