Job analysis

The work analysis followed by synthesis work forms the transition from the build-up to the process organization. Here it comes, the task content to transfer ( the WAS) systematically in the type of task fulfillment ( the HOW ). In practice, this means to disassemble the values ​​determined by the task analysis and task synthesis sub-tasks (eg invoice processing ) in their smallest working elements ( flow sections). That's what makes the job analysis. In the following work synthesis, therefore comes under the operational organization, the working elements are combined to efficient operations in space, time and personnel.

The work analysis followed by synthesis work is part of the traditional business organization theory and in 1976 was comprehensively presented by Erich Kosiol.

Work analysis

As part of the task analysis, all tasks into their smallest elements, the subtasks lowest order, also called elementary tasks are decomposed. This elementary tasks now form the starting point for the work of analysis. As part of the job analysis, these working parts, similar to the task analysis, into their smallest elements, the transition elements, disassembled. The structure of this transition elements can be carried out according to the aspects of performing, object, place, and purpose of phase relationship.

It can be broken only in one aspect, but there may be several outline levels. The literature suggests three to seven levels.

As an example, an analysis will be considered after the vicarious principle, in which there is to the customer as a working part of the point of highest order sale of goods.

This can be broken down into the following parts of the middle order: exist side customer to accept and fulfill customer price agreed upon and encourage payment

If we examine now wrap up one of these points on the working parts of the lowest order, so breaks the working part to satisfy guests' goods in and goods to the customers.

Work synthesis

The goal of the job analysis is to provide an overview of all working parts to each order stage that are included in a defined task. With the synthesis work is an attempt to summarize these elements of space, time and personnel to efficient operations and to distribute to the individual PTAs.

It should be noted that the levels at which determines the tasks and transferred subsequently someone will be able to reside on different stages of the task analysis. The amount also depends on the degree of division of labor in the organization. If the transition level is very high, the degree of division of labor tends to zero. That is, for example, in a case OPEs. In contrast, there is a high degree of division of labor, if the task analysis opens at a deep level in the work of synthesis.

When creating the first working multiple synthesis cycle elements are combined into a single operation, then defines several operations to a gang task. This is followed by a personal, temporal and local synthesis. Here it is to keep in mind that the personal, temporal and local synthesis are only different points of view of a single working synthesis.

In this context, also takes place to assess the qualitative and quantitative material resources. In this economy, that the work performance is never at risk.

Personal synthesis

After fixation, the transition functions of a point matching by a summary of transitional tasks, from the viewpoint of the optimum utilization of human and material resources assigned to a task man. This step is referred to as a personal synthesis work.

Temporal synthesis

In the temporal synthesis of the achievements of the individual working people be timed so that a best possible run time is achieved for the work items. This task is closely related is the after reducing the organization provided inventories.

Local synthesis

In addition to the two already discussed aspects of the work of synthesis can be carried out with emphasis on the spatial aspect. The focus is on the design and arrangement of the jobs in the work process as well as their equipment. The spatial arrangement should be done especially from the standpoint of internal transport routes.

Objectives

The synthesis is carried out under the two main aspects of coordination and motivation. The quality of coordination in an organization is called by the achievement of economic indicators, neudeutsch also Key Performance Indicators measured. They are defined as a function of the set organizational goals.

The financial success of an organization is largely dependent addition to efficient coordination solution of the extent to which the work is done designing people-friendly. Besides the ergonomics motivation is a psychological preamble to assess to what extent this has been achieved. In the psychological objectives it is therefore important to adjust the working conditions of the people.

Since the two objectives are sometimes in contradiction to each other, an integrated approach to the search of an optimal solution would be required. Of this, however, the research and practice is still far away, so for example the work of science, as for example, the human relations movement appear as separately occurring stakeholders. So now ensuring the psychic integrity of the workers was taken by the legislature in the hazard analysis.

Practical

The suitability of this concept for the practical organization of work is not without controversy. In particular, the separation in structure and process organization is not clearly possible.

Furthermore, the result is more subjective, the greater the number of levels of analysis, since there is no mandatory approach for creating work analyzes and syntheses.

Relevant is the concept especially for clear identification and description of complex tasks.