Johann Heinrich Roos

Johann Heinrich Roos ( born September 29, 1631 Otter Mountain, † October 3, 1685 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a German painter and graphic artist. He is considered one of the most important animal painter of the late 17th century.

Life

Roos was born the son of a painter or house painter and baptized Lutheran in Reipoltskirchen on October 27. During the chaos of war was staggered the family first to Zweibrücken and later to the Lower Rhine.

1647 Roos in Amsterdam began an apprenticeship at the history painter Guilliam Dujardin. There he had contact with his son Karel, who brings him a style close, which was marked by Nicolaes Berchem and trips to Italy and France. Another teacher was probably Cornelis de Bie, whose work is largely unknown today. Even the animal and portrait painter Barend Graat is called as a teacher.

1651/52 Roos left the Netherlands. The frequent use of Italian motifs in his work, however, allows for the blank presumption that he traveled to Italy. From 1653 he worked together with his brother Theodore Roos in Mainz. About a year later, the brothers followed a call to the court of Landgrave Ernst I ( Hesse -Rhine rock -Rotenburg ). It produced images with religious themes.

In addition to works with biblical themes Roos created in this period portraits. So he painted in 1663 the Elector Johann Philipp von Schönborn in Mainz. 1664 presented Elector Carl Ludwig Roos as court painter in Heidelberg. In addition to the production of portrait and landscape images, it was one of the tasks of a Kurpfälzische court painter to oversee the restoration of older paintings and painting houses.

In October 1667 Roos moved with his wife and they have two children to Frankfurt and settled there as a painter. In a short time he had great success at the Frankfurt patricians.

Johann Heinrich Roos died in 1685 at the age of 54 years from the effects of the injuries he had previously drawn on the day of the fire of his house on the Zeil in Frankfurt.

He had 1656 in St. Goar, the pastor's daughter Anna Emmerich married who bore him the following children: Philipp Peter (* 1657), under the name Rosa da Tivoli gained notoriety later as an animal painter, Maria Ester (* 1662), Johann Melchior (* 1663 ), Johanna ester ( * 1666), Susanna Barbara (* 1668 ), Franz Peter (* 1672 ) and Peter (1675 ). The latter two also devoted himself to painting.

Work

Johann Heinrich Roos trained at least since his apprenticeship in Amsterdam regularly for nature. His numerous sketchbooks are filled with drawings of landscapes and again from grazing livestock and pastoral scenes. Mainly at the beginning of his artistic career, Johann Heinrich Roos dealt with religious themes. Among his contemporaries, such as Joachim von Sandrart and Sebastian Henrich Hüsgen but his championship was highlighted for his sensitive portraits and especially for his landscapes with excellent representations of animals. Roos is one of the most important German animal painter of the late 17th century. Stylistically, he continued the Dutch Realism in Germany. What is striking is his depiction of animal carcasses, which he often held in more unusual positions such as back views. In general, he followed with a diagonal screen layout is almost always the same compositional principle and fills it varied with variations of animal and landscape paintings. The architectural elements of his landscapes he took his own sketches, among others, the Rhine Valley and Heidelberg and engravings of ancient ruins, which at that time belonged to the basic equipment of a painter's workshop.

Since 1660 Roosters put his drawing skills also in etching to. From him 39 sheets are known. They usually form series that have arisen 1660-1671.

A variety of museums, the works of Johann Heinrich Roos have: Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Paintings Gallery Berlin, Alte Pinakothek Munich, Dresden State Art Collections ( Old Masters Gallery ), Stadel, Frankfurt, Museum Palatinate Gallery Kaiserslautern, Lower Saxony State Museum, Hannover and Westphalian State Museum of Art and Cultural History in Münster.

Johann Heinrich Roos was the brother of the painter Theodor Roos. His sons, Philipp Peter Roos and Johann Melchior Roos, and his grandson, Joseph Roos were known painters of their time.

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