Johann Peter Hasenclever

Johann Peter Hasenclever ( born May 18, 1810 in Remscheid, † December 16, 1853 in Dusseldorf ) is one of the most important German painters of the 19th century. Hasenclever was a member of the Düsseldorf school of painting founder of a socially critical and ironic genre painting in Germany and pioneered by Carl Spitzweg and Wilhelm Busch.

Life

Hasenclever was born in Remscheid in the Bergische Land, where his father in the regional commercial hardware was working. In 1825 he changed schools and moved into the house of his teacher Johann Peter Fasbender in Ronsdorf, which recognized the artistic talent of the five- year-olds and promoted. Hasenclever painted two portraits of the couple Fasbender. However, in the age of 17 he moved to Düsseldorf Art Academy under its Director, Wilhelm von Schadow, she left after only two years after Schadow had too clearly expressed doubts about the ability of Malschülers. It was not until 1836 took Hasenclever a second attempt and attended the painting class of Theodor Hildebrandt, who was inspired by the Dutch 17th century painting to scenes from the everyday life of ordinary people, " genre " to refer to the image object. Genre painting was in Germany at that time artistic territory.

First major successes achieved Hasenclever 1838 after his relocation from the Rhineland in the art city of Munich, where he illustrated Carl Arnold Kortums Jobsiade. In a short time, created more than twenty paintings to Kortums satirical heroic story of life, Meynungen and deeds of Hieronymus Jobs ( a strolling student, who ends up as a night watchman ). The Bavarian King Ludwig I even bought the painting in 1840 jobs in the exam.

As Hasenclever returned to Dusseldorf, he was a famous painter. In 1843 he was appointed a full member of the Berlin Academy of Arts. His Technique was now mature and confident, he was no longer limited to the documentary image of everyday scenes, but strove to reveal the large and small weaknesses in the civic life of the Biedermeier period.

Hasenclever took part in the political movement of the pre-March and was among the first painters who turned to Germany in a socially engaged art. He was a member of the anti-academic artists' association Crignic, later emerged from the paint box and worked since 1847 at the Düsseldorf Monatshefte with. When finally in 1848 the revolution broke out, Hasenclever was a deputy platoon leader of a consistently democratic-minded citizens Guards for their goals. These objectives were the Acting Mayor of Düsseldorf, Joseph of Fuchsius, not safe and he did monitor the vigilantes. In the same year was established as a melting pot for all democratic artists paint box.

Gottfried Keller called Hasenclever Recognizing the " court painter of wine, urbanity and humor ". For other contemporaries, he was a " cozy full portrayer company interior scenes " and " wine blessed humorist ", the latter with abschätzigem undertone. Until the mid-20th century Hasenclever was the history of art without meaning.

On the other hand, Karl Marx was stirred for Hasenclever in the New-York Daily Tribune of 12 August 1853, the big drum, as he praised the " dramatic vitality " of Hasenclever's paintings workers and city council, probably the most important work Hasenclever at all. For here the workers were treated as a full and darstellenswertes subject. So it is not surprising that in the 1960s and 1970s, especially in the GDR Hasenclever Renaissance began when Wolfgang Hütt 1964 drew attention to Hasenclever revolution image with a study of the Düsseldorf school of painting from a Marxist perspective.

Works

(Selection)

  • Portrait of Gertrude Sharp, born Halbach - to 1830/35, Municipal Museum, Remscheid
  • The Dance Lesson, 1835 - Von der Heydt - Museum, Wuppertal
  • Studio scene, 1836 - Museum Kunst Palast, Dusseldorf
  • Children Dancing, 1836 - Von der Heydt - Museum, Wuppertal
  • Hieronymus Jobs in exams, 1840 - Bavarian State Painting Collection Neue Pinakothek
  • The cone Young, 1840 - location unknown
  • The wine tasting, 1843 - privately owned
  • The reading room, 1843 - Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin ( smaller version: Municipal Museum Remscheid )
  • The curfew, 1845 - Museum Georg Schäfer, Schweinfurt
  • Jobs as a schoolmaster, 1845 - Museum Kunst Palast, Dusseldorf
  • Hieronymus Jobs as a schoolmaster, 1846 - Museum of Fine Arts, Leipzig
  • Sentimental, 1846/47 - Museum Kunst Palast, Dusseldorf
  • Workers and city council in 1848, 1848/49 - Solingen, Bergisch Museum Schloss Burg on the Wupper
  • Workers and city council in 1848, 1849 ( Version 2) - Museum Kunst Palast, Dusseldorf
  • The eightieth birthday, 1849 - privately owned, Remscheid
  • Hieronymus Jobs in the exam, 1851 ( Version 2) - Museum of Fine Arts, Leipzig
  • Hieronymus Jobs as a night watchman 1852 - Museum of Fine Arts, Leipzig
  • The first day of school 1852 - privately owned, Dusseldorf

Illustrations (selection)

  • In: Watercolors Düsseldorf artists: the art-loving ladies dedicated. Arnz, Dusseldorf 1861. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf
  • Pictures for Jobsiade. Buddeus (among others), Dusseldorf 1844. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf
Bergisches Land Perpetual student Ludwig I of Bavaria Revolutions of 1848 in the German states Marxism Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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