John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey

John de Warenne (c. 1231; † September 27, 1304 ) was the sixth Earl of Surrey and an important military leader of the English kings Henry III. he has become and Edward I. Known for his defeat at the Battle of Stirling Bridge against Scottish troops under William Wallace.

He was the son of William de Warenne and Maud (or Matilda ) Marshal. His mother was the daughter of William Marshal. John Warenne was still a boy when his father died, and for the rest of his minority, Peter of Savoy was governor of his lands. In 1247 he married the half-sister of Henry III. , Alice de Lusignan. This marriage caused upset among the high nobility, because you disapproved of the marriage of a wealthy English nobleman with a penniless outsider. In the following years he used his connections with the English royal house. In 1254 he accompanied the Crown Prince and future King Edward I to his wedding with Eleanor of Castile.

Before the second war of the barons Warenne first supported the rebellious V. Simon de Montfort, but then switched in 1263 to the King's side. After the Battle of Lewes, which was held near his castle in Lewes, he fled to France, where he remained for about a year. He returned to England and was involved in the Battle of Evesham and the Siege of Kenilworth Castle.

On the Parliament in Northampton on June 24, 1268, he recorded with the Crown Prince Eduard and other barons the cross. He kept his oath but apparently not, and did not take part at the next crusade of Prince Edward.

Warenne served in Edward's campaigns in Wales in the years 1277, 1282 and 1283rd He received the Welsh lordships of Bromfield and Yale. A large part of the following years he spent in Scotland. He was one of the negotiators at the Treaty of Salisbury ( 1289 ) and the agreement of Birgham ( 1290 ). In 1296 he accompanied Edward I during his conquest against Scotland. In the battle of Dunbar, he led the victorious English army.

On August 22, 1296, he was appointed "Keeper of the Kingdom of Scotland and the country " by the king. However, a few months later he returned to England and reported that the Scottish climate is bad for his health. The following spring the rebellion of William Wallace began and with much delay Warenne led an army northward, where they suffered a surprising defeat at the Battle of Stirling Bridge on September 11, 1297.

Nevertheless Warenne remained commander of the next campaign at the beginning of 1298th He began with the siege of Roxburgh and retook the castle of Berwick -upon- Tweed. A little later the king himself took over the army leadership and Warenne was one of the commanders in the Battle of Falkirk.

Since his son and heir William de Warenne had already died in 1286 at a tournament accident, inherited him at his death in 1304 his son John de Warenne as 7th Earl of Surrey.

John de Warenne and Alice de Lusignan, the daughter of Hugo X of Lusignan, had three children:

  • Eleanor ( † around 1282); she married Henry Percy ( Percy House ) and was the mother of Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy of Alnwick (* 1273, † 1314).
  • Isabella ( * 1253 ); she married John Balliol and was the mother of Edward Balliol.
  • William ( † December 15, 1286 ); He married Joan, daughter of Robert de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford.
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