John Gilbert Baker

John Gilbert Baker ( born January 13, 1834 in Guisborough, Yorkshire, † August 16 1920 in Kew, London ) was a British botanist. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Baker ".

Life and work

John Gilbert Baker was a son of John Baker, a cloth and grocer, and his wife Mary ( nee Gilbert ). In August 1834 his parents moved with him to Thirsk in Yorkshire and opened a business there. 1843 Baker pupil at the Quaker school in Ackworth, and three years later at the Quaker school in Bootham ( York). He finished his schooling late 1847, and then helped his father in the family business. In August 1860 he married Hannah Unthank († 1902). The botanist Edmund Gilbert Baker (1864-1949) was her son.

At twelve, Baker began to collect plants and was briefly in charge of the Schulherbarium in Bootham. Three years later, in 1849, appeared in the journal The Phytologist an author, he has a short article about a sedge species. His first more extensive botanical work was in 1854 with a John Nowell ( 1802-1867 ) together wrote a supplement to Henry Baines ( 1793-1878 ) in 1840 published Flora of Yorkshire. When the Botanical Society of London stopped the national plant swap meet, Baker suggested that the Thirsk Natural History Society should continue this service. On the basis of this proposal, Baker 1859 Curator and Secretary of the Thirsk Botanical Exchange Club. His first major work was a pioneering ecological study that includes more than 1,100 flowering plants and ferns and 1863 under the title North Yorkshire: Studies of its Botany appeared, Geology, Climate and Physical Geography. 1864 Bakers library and his herbarium was destroyed by fire. In the same year appeared in the journal The Naturalist his Review of the British Roses. A year later, the monograph On the English Mints followed about the plant genus of the mint (Mentha ), which he published in the Journal of Botany, British and Foreign.

From 1866 to 1890 Baker worked at the library and as an assistant at the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens in London ( Kew ). He was then transported to the curator there and held the post until 1899. Baker was very versatile and knowledgeable in the field of botany well made ​​. In 1882 Baker held at the Apothecaries ' Company ( trading company of many pharmacies London ) lectures and led before experiments.

Baker has written several manuals, including on the plant families of the Amaryllis family ( Amaryllidaceae ), Bromeliaceae ( Bromeliaceae ), the iris family ( Iridaceae ) of the lily family ( Liliaceae ) and ferns ( Filicinophyta ).

Honors

1866 Baker was inducted into the Linnean Society of London, of which he was vice-president from 1889 to 1891 and from 1893 to 1894 and in 1899 awarded him the Linnean Medal. On June 6, 1878 Baker was elected to membership in the Royal Society. The Royal Horticultural Society named him an honorary member and honored Baker 1897, the Victoria Medal of Honour and in 1907 with the Veitch Memorial Medal. From the University of Leeds in 1919, he received his honorary doctorate in natural sciences.

In his honor, the plant genera Bakerantha LBSm were. (1934 ), Ella Baker Tiegh. (1895 ), Bakeria André ( 1889), Bakeria Seem. (1864 ) Bakeriella Dubard (1911 ), Bakerisideroxylon (Engl. ) Engl (1904 ), Bakerophyton ( J.Léonard ) Hutch. (1964, probably also his son Edmund Gilbert Baker dedicated ), Bakeropteris Kuntze (1891 ) and Neobakeria Schltr. (1924 ) named.

Writings (selection )

  • A supplement to Baines ' Flora of Yorkshire. Pamplin, London, 1854.
  • The flowering plants and ferns of Great Britain. Cash's, London 1855.
  • North Yorkshire: Studies of its Botany, Geology, Climate and Physical Geography. London 1863 ( online).
  • A new flora of Northumberland and Durham. Williams & Norgate, London 1868.
  • Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles. Reeve, London 1877 (online).
  • A flora of the English Lake District. Bell, London 1885 (online).
  • Handbook of the fern - allies. Bell & Sons, London 1887 ( online).
  • Handbook of the Amaryllideae, including the Alstroemerieae and Agaveae. Bell & Sons, London 1888 ( online).
  • Handbook of the Bromeliaceae. Bell & Sons, London 1889 (online).
  • Handbook of the irideae. Bell & Sons, London 1892 ( online).
  • The Leguminosae of tropical Africa. Erasmus, Ghent 1926-1930 (post mortem ).

Baker wrote about mainly appeared in the journals Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, Journal of the Linnean Society and the Kew Bulletin 400 articles.

  • Review of the British Roses. Especially Those of the North of England. In: The Naturalist. Volume 1, London 1864, pp. 14-24, pp. 33-38, pp. 60-67, pp. 93-103, pp. 141-144.
  • On the English Mints. In: Journal of Botany, British and Foreign. Volume 3, London 1865, pp. 233-256 (online).
  • Revision of the genera and species of Asparagaceae. In: Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. Volume 14, London 1875, pp. 508-632 (online).
  • A Synopsis of Aloineae and Yuccoideae. In: Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. Volume 18, London, 1881, pp. 148-241 (online).
  • Contributions to the Flora of Madagascar. - Part I. Polypetalæ. In: Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. Volume 20, Number 126, March 1883, pp. 87-158 (online).
  • Contributions to the Flora of Madagascar. - Part II Monopetalæ. In: Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. Volume 20, Number 127, April 1883, pp. 159-236 (online).
  • Contributions to the Flora of Madagascar. - Part III. Incompletæ, Monocotyledons, and Filices. In: Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. Volume 20, Number 128, June 1883, pp. 237-304 (online).
Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland Benjamin Daydon Jackson Frans Stafleu International Plant Names Index Integrated Authority File
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