John I, Duke of Brabant

John I, called The Victorious (French Jean le Victorieux, 1252 or 1253, † May 3, 1294 ) was Duke of Brabant and Limburg. He was the second son of Duke Henry III. " The peacemakers " of Brabant and Adelaide ( Aleidis ) born of Burgundy.

Life

When the father's death of John mother took over the regency for the feeble-minded older brother Henry IV The policy of the regent led to severe tensions. To avoid a civil war, renounced Henry IV in 1267 in favor of John to the throne.

Under John I of Brabant was in its heyday. Johann was through the marriage in 1270 with his first wife Margaret, daughter of Louis IX. closely linked by France to the French throne. Even if his wife already died of puerperal fever in 1272, he supported 1284/85 his brother Philip III. of France, who in turn was married to John's sister Marie in a second marriage, in his campaign against Aragon. He is considered the founder of French influence on the Lower Rhine.

The regency but 1280 years he was co-regent of the Netherlands, gave up in order to gain support in the Limburg Holland succession dispute. With the allies Cleves, Berg, Mark and the City of Cologne, he expanded after the victorious battle of Worringen against the Archbishop of Cologne, Siegfried von Westerburg, funds and Luxembourg his territory to the Duchy of Limburg, and won the umbrella advocacy of the diocese of Liege.

In 1292 he was the German King Adolf of Nassau appointed Reich nurse on the Lower Rhine, reaching considerable independence within the Holy Roman Empire.

Johann was considered a formidable tournament fighter. During the Battle of Worringen ( though most sources speak of Brabant, which as well as his environment could be meant ) he slew Count Henry VI. of Luxembourg ( " the damned " ) and three of his brothers. He was also devoted to the fine arts. He did himself as a poet out of which nine songs of love in the great Heidelberg Song (Codex Manesseplatz ) attest.

He created a new codification of the legal relationships against the landed gentry.

On September 20, 1293 he received a severe wound from which he died after a long illness on May 3, 1294 at a tournament in Bar- le- Duc. He was buried next to his second wife in Minoritenkloster Brussels.

His children all came from his second marriage with Margaret of Flanders - Dampierre (* 1250/55 † July 3, 1285 ):

  • Gottfried ( * 1274 † 1302)
  • John II the peaceable (* September 27, 1275 † October 27, 1312 )
  • Margaret of Brabant (* October 4, 1276 † December 14, 1311 ), in 1292 she married the later Roman-German King Henry VII
  • Maria ( * 1278 † November 2, 1338 )
Henry III, Duke of Brabant Henry IV, Duke of Brabant Philip III of France Marie of Brabant, Queen of France War of the Limburg Succession County of Mark Siegfried II of Westerburg Adolf, King of Germany Henry VI, Count of Luxembourg Bar-le-Duc John II, Duke of Brabant Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Reginald I of Guelders Integrated Authority File
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