John I of Castile

John I (in Spanish Juan I of Castile; * August 24, 1358 in Épila, Zaragoza, † October 9, 1390 in Alcalá de Henares ), King of Castile and Leon, the son of Henry II and his wife Johanna, daughter by Juan Manuel de Villena, the head of a younger branch of the house of Castile.

Life

At the beginning of his reign he had to contend with the hostility of John of Gaunt, the son of Edward III. was from England. He laid claim to the crown, because his wife Constance, a daughter of Peter the Cruel was, who had been deposed and murdered by Johann's father. The King of Castile eventually bought his English rivals from the claim by 1387 a marriage between his son Henry and Catherine, daughter of John of Gaunt arranged.

Previously, he was engaged in hostilities with Portugal, which was allied with John of Gaunt. His first case with Portugal was settled in 1382 by his marriage with Beatrice of Portugal, daughter of Ferdinand of Portugal.

After the death of his father in 1383, Johann tried the throne claims his wife, eldest daughter of Ferdinand, to enforce. The Revolution of 1383, a time of civil unrest and anarchy in Portugal, followed. The national feeling of the Portuguese people were against him, and he was defeated at the Battle of Aljubarrota on August 14, 1385 devastating.

In intentional historical reminiscence of the former Kingdom of Asturias, who had defied the Arab conquest of the Iberian peninsula according to general opinion, and was therefore regarded as the nucleus of the Christian reconquest ( Reconquista ), built by King John to the material supply of the heir to the throne in 1388 which survived until today Principality of Asturias. The title Prince of Asturias has since been borne by the Castilian, Spanish Crown Prince later.

King John died in Alcalá on October 9, 1390 by a riding accident while he was with other riders, so-called farfanes ( rider in arabic style), participated in a fantasia.

Progeny

From his marriage with Eleanor of Aragon, daughter of King Peter IV:

  • Henry III. the Sickly
  • Ferdinand I, King of Aragon

From his marriage with Beatrice of Portugal:

  • Miguel of Portugal (1384-1385)
Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena Edward III of England Constance of Castile, Duchess of Lancaster Peter of Castile Henry III of Castile Catherine of Lancaster Ferdinand I of Portugal Fantasia (performance) Lexikon des Mittelalters Name Authority File
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