John Muir

John Muir [ myu̇r ] (* April 21, 1838 in Dunbar, Scotland, † December 24, 1914 in Los Angeles, California ) was a Scottish- American polymath. He worked as a naturalist, explorer, writer, inventor, engineer and geologist. John Muir developed in the course of his life from the naturalist more and more conservationists and this took many of the ideas of today's eco - and animal rights movement anticipated. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " J.Muir ".

Life

John Muir was one of the most famous people of North America and an influential scientists. He was named "Citizen of the Universe " In the U.S. "Father of our National Parks ," " Wilderness Prophet ," and. As a wilderness researcher, he was known for his expeditions and scientific descriptions of the Sierra Nevada ( California ) and the glaciers of Alaska. In 1881 he took, along with Edward William Nelson, at an Arctic expedition aboard the USRC Thomas Corwin part.

In 1880 he married Louie Strenzel and moved to Martinez ( California ), California to the land of his father John Strentzel, originally a doctor, who had become the east bay of San Francisco in the hills but successful owners of large-scale orchards. Muir became the manager of the farm and also managed smaller areas, which he bought himself. After the death of his father in 1890 he and his family moved into the spacious main house, where he lived until his death in 1914. Until about 1891, he went completely up in the economic activity, only then he turned back to the science and philosophy, economically hedged through the plantation.

Muir invited President Theodore Roosevelt, who had read Muir's books to explore one with him the scenic beauty and for protection of endangered regions. Roosevelt visited Muir in Yosemite in 1903 and went with him to a multi-day camping trip, it said Muir Roosevelt established the importance of nature and landscape protection and that Yosemite is only protected insufficient as the then State Park in California. At the instigation of the valley Roosevelt in 1906 transferred back to the federal government and greatly expanded reported as Yosemite National Park. In 1871, he used the term interpretation for the translation of the language of nature. The concept of natural and cultural interpretation, which is based on the information and educational work of all national parks in the United States, bears witness to this.

In 1892, John Muir with more competitors for the Sierra Club, one of the first conservation organizations in the modern sense, and now one of the largest and most influential environmental organizations in North America. He was the first president, and retained the office until his death in 1914.

Muir sat down very much for the preservation of the natural abilities of animals and was a great opponent of domestication. He kept domesticated animals for soulless and only half alive.

Honors

According to John Muir are named:

  • Two long-distance footpaths, the John Muir Trail in California's Sierra Nevada and an identically- way in the U.S. state of Tennessee
  • Muir Woods National Monument north of San Francisco
  • The John Muir Wilderness, a Wilderness Area (Wildlife Reserve ) in the Sierra Nevada
  • The Muir Glacier in Alaska
  • Camp Muir and the Muir Snowfield on the volcano Mt Rainier
  • His home in Martinez, California is shown as John Muir National Historic Site and a museum on the life and work
  • Several schools and colleges, including the John Muir College within the University of California, San Diego
  • A nature reserve with the name John Muir Country Park in his birthplace, Dunbar, Scotland
  • An asteroid with the ID 128523 Johnmuir
  • The charitable foundation John Muir Trust to protect wild landscapes in Scotland

The U.S. Post Office honored with a postage stamp in 1964 John Muir on the occasion of his 50th death anniversary.

John Muir was also chosen to represent California on the published in 2005 State Quarter.

The state of California also celebrated annually since 1989 on 21 April the John Muir Memorial Day, is thought to which special about California schools of the work Muirs.

Writings

  • John Muir, Judith Schalansky (ed.): The mountains of California. Photos by Eadweard Muybridge. From the American English and with an afterword by Jürgen Brocan. Matthes and Seitz, Berlin 2013 ISBN 978-3-88221-050-7
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