Johns Hopkins Hospital

The Johns Hopkins Hospital is one of the best hospitals in the United States. It is located in Baltimore, Maryland. The foundation of this teaching hospital in 1889 goes back to the philanthropist Johns Hopkins. It is part of the Medical School of Johns Hopkins University, which is one of the best medical schools in the USA. In the years 1991-2011, the hospital was rated as the best hospital in the U.S.. It was thus the only hospital in the history of the United States, which could retain this title for 21 years in a row. In particular, the departments of neurosurgery, radiology, urology, ear, nose and throat medicine, psychiatry, and geriatrics regarded as a world leader.

History

Johns Hopkins was a merchant and banker who donated bequeathed his fortune of seven million dollars for the construction of two institutions. Shortly before his death, he appointed two trustees who should take care of the settlement. In addition, two pieces of land in Baltimore were provided for the construction of a hospital of Johns Hopkins.

Hopkins idea was that the Johns Hopkins Hospital is in equipment and medical care have the quality of the best American and European hospitals. The trustees should ensure by selecting appropriate doctors this standard.

For Hopkins, the collaboration between the university system and the hospital area was important. The intent Hopkins was soon to bear fruit. In many areas, the Johns Hopkins Hospital was pioneering. It allowed women as doctors who work for the first time rubber gloves were worn in the hospital during surgery and the dialysis was introduced here in the clinic everyday.

Scientific Achievements

Some hospital services were honored with Nobel Prizes. The foundation for modern genetics was laid by working in the field of enzymes. The discovery in the brain occurring opiates led to the rapid development of neurotransmitter research. In addition, outstanding work came in the areas of endocrinology, urology, pediatrics, and neurosurgery.

Impact on medical education in the U.S.

Johns Hopkins had established during his lifetime the chaotic state in the training of physicians in the United States. The then- junior was taught in medical purely commercially oriented schools and received practical experience after the end of training by practicing physicians. For Hopkins, this was not an acceptable condition. He wanted to combine education and clinical care. So he created at Johns Hopkins Hospital strict incoming inspection, a regulated curriculum and theoretical training, which was combined with a practical on the hospital bed.

In order to enforce its goals Hopkins employed four enthusiastic young doctors who were later called the " Big Four ". There were William Henry Welch, William Osler, William Stewart Halsted and Howard Atwood Kelly. It offered them an attractive area of ​​research and the financial security to carry out their work. This results in this work differed significantly from normal in hospitals where clinical research has always been only a small and financially less attractive part of the work.

The admission of students sat good knowledge ahead in the fields of chemistry, biology and physics. Here you leaned closely to the training course German universities, which up to then did not exist in the U.S.. After passing the entrance examination a speedy start of the study was ensured. Here, the approach of the Johns Hopkins Hospital from the very end of the 19th century differed practiced in other training centers, in which the economic circumstances of the candidates chose their compatibility and progress.

Talented women were accepted from the outset at Hopkins Hospital. So Dorothy Mabel Reed Mendenhall worked here successfully in the field of Hodgkin 's lymphoma, which is also known as Hodgkin's disease.

The class sizes were significantly smaller than was usual in other training centers, which enabled a successful learning experience. There was close collaboration between the clinical staff and the students, so that the practical relevance of the work was much encouraged. The training, which lasted four years, presumed intense studying, but also offered the opportunity to cooperate with experts and learn from their experiences. A new feature was led at Hopkins Hospital is a continuation of training after the completion of testing, a procedure which soon prevailed nationwide.

A study from 1910 showed that the training at Johns Hopkins Hospital has been a leader, followed by the Washington University, Vanderbilt University, University of Iowa, Duke University School of Medicine and the University of Rochester.