Josef Frank (architect)

Josef Frank ( born July 15, 1885 in Baden bei Wien, † January 8, 1967 in Stockholm ) was Austrian- Swedish architect. Together with Oskar Strnad he created the Vienna School of Architecture, which represented an original concept of modernity of houses, apartments and interiors.

Life

Josef Frank was of Jewish origin, his parents were originally from Heves in Hungary Kaufmann Ignaz ( Isak ) Frank (17 October 1851-27. Vienna January 1921 ) and the Vienna-born Jenny filing village (3 September 1861-10. February 1941 Vienna). For his parents, he designed the grave in the old Jewish Section of the Vienna Central Cemetery, Group 19, row 58, grave No. 52

He studied at the Technical University of Vienna architecture and was then 1919-1925 teacher at the Vienna School of Applied Arts. He was a founding member of the Vienna Werkbund, initiator and director of the 1932 supported by the urban settlement company Gesiba building the Werkbundsiedlung in Vienna. In 1933 he emigrated to Sweden in 1939 and received Swedish citizenship. He was the most renowned designers of the Stockholm design company Svenskt Tenn (Swedish tin). After 1945, Frank remained in Sweden, although there were attempts to bring him back to Vienna.

Importance

Josef Frank dealt early with the social housing and workers' settlements. Contrary to most other architects of the interwar years in Vienna, he was the settlement of thought and not the creation of so-called super block in municipal housing. With his essay The People's residential palace. A speech at the groundbreaking ceremony, which was not considered in the journal Building, No. 7, 1926, Frank polemicised brilliant, but ultimately unsuccessful against Hubert Gessner and other students of Otto Wagner represented line representative of local large buildings. He also declined facade decor and preferred clear functional forms. The Viennese architect and furniture designer Luigi Blau described him as one of his role models.

In addition to his architectural work Frank created numerous designs for furniture, furnishings, fabrics, wallpaper and carpets. Less known is his work as a painter.

Recognition

Important buildings

  • Establishment of the East Asian Museum in Cologne (1912 )
  • House Vienna 19, Wilbrandtgasse 12 (1914), with Oskar and Oskar Strnad Wlach
  • Co-operative housing estate 12 Vienna, Hoffingergasse, in the district part Altmann village ( 1921-1924 ), together with Erich Faber; 284 apartments in simple row houses
  • Municipal housing complex Wiedenhoferhof, Vienna 17, Zeillergasse 7-11 (1924/1925), 237 flats
  • Municipal housing complex Winarskyhof, Vienna 20, Stromstraße 36-38 / Winarskystraße 15-21 / 39-45 Pasettistraße / Vorgartenstraße 44 ( 1924-1926 ), together with Peter Behrens, Karl Dirnhuber, Josef Hoffmann, Margaret Lihotzky, Adolf Loos, Franz Schuster, Oskar Strnad, Oskar Wlach; 534 apartments and communal facilities
  • Semi-detached house in Stuttgart, Weißenhofsiedlung (1927 )
  • Municipal Wohnhausanlage Vienna 14, Sebastian and calyx lane 1-3 (1928/1929), in the district part Breitensee, 50 apartments
  • Haus Beer, Vienna 13, Wenzgasse 12 (1929/1930), with Oskar Wlach
  • Municipal Wohnhausanlage Vienna 11th, Simmering main road 142-150 ( 1931/1932 ), 286 apartments, together with Oskar Wlach; named after 1993 Pink Jochmann - yard
  • Municipal housing complex Leopoldine - Gloeckel - yard, Vienna 12, Steinbauergasse 1-7 / Gaudenzdorfergürtel 11 / Herthergasse 2 / Siebertgasse 15 ( 1931-1932 ), 318 flats
  • Manage the design and construction of the Werkbundsiedlung Vienna municipal construction company Gesiba (coordination with around 30 architects ) in the 13th district, Hietzing, part of the district Lainz, and design house 13, Woinovichgasse 32 (up to 1932)
  • Villenbauten in southern Sweden

Writings

  • Architecture as a symbol. Elements of German new construction. In 1931. (New 1981)
  • The International Werkbundsiedlung Vienna in 1932. 1932.
  • Josef Frank. Scriptures / Writings ( German / English ); 2 Volumes / 2 Volumes; (Ed.): Tano Bojankin, Christopher Long and Iris Meder, Metro Verlag, Vienna 2012 ISBN 978-3-99300-086-8
Company town Gemeindebau Functionalism (architecture) MAK Aspern Architekturzentrum Wien Integrated Authority File
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