Josef Strzygowski

Josef Strzygowski ( born March 7, 1862 in Biała, Austrian Silesia, † January 2, 1941 in Vienna ) was an Austrian art historian and founder of comparative art research.

Life and work

Strzygowski came from a German - Silesian textile entrepreneur family first studied Classical Archaeology and Art History at the Universities of Vienna and Berlin. In 1885 he was at the University of Munich with a thesis on the " iconography of the Baptism of Christ " Dr. phil. doctorate. He habilitated in 1887 in Vienna. Since 1892 he was a professor of art history at the University of Graz. In 1904 he was appointed councilor. From 1909 until his retirement in 1933, he headed the " I. Art History Institute of the University of Vienna". In 1933 he founded the Society for Comparative Research in Art in Vienna.

Strzygowski defended the thesis that the Indo-European and the Asian Art form the basis of Western culture, especially late antique and medieval principles of form, and thus contributed to the expansion of art historical research. In his two-volume work, The architecture of the Armenians and Europe in 1918 it approved the Armenians an " Aryan art work ", and held it for the intermediary through which the Persian art had come to Western Europe. For his attempt to derive the medieval European architecture of Armenia, he had to be dated much earlier than according to current doctrine, the development of Armenian Kirchenbautypen with the help of dubious sources. In this context, his effort to date in 1903 from the Syrian desert came to Berlin Mshatta facade ( mid 8th century ) in the 4th to 6th century and repaired by style comparisons with the Mesopotamian city of Seleucia- Ctesiphon is related. So he wrote Mshatta a key role in the transition from the Babylonian- Persian to the Germanic art as well.

His remarks were later influenced by racist ideas influenced, which can be seen in the titles of his publications. In the era of National Socialism, he published as books such as the rising of the North or the Indo-European ancestral heritage of the German people and the art history of the future.

After the end of World War II were Strzygowski writings Nordic saviors and visual arts. A disfigured by Christianity and the Church healing phenomenon ( 1939), The German Northern Soul. The confession of an art researcher (1940 ), The Indo-European ancestral heritage of the German people and the art history of the future (1941 ), and Europe's power of art in the context of the globe. A fundamental debate about the nature and development of the ten- thousand-year delusion. Violence power of God's grace instead of folkish Regulations ( 1943) set in the Soviet zone of occupation on the list of proscribed literature.

In his work, the preservation of Finnish wooden church Petäjävesi, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site is declining.

Bibliography (selection)

See Alfred Karasek - Langer. directory of the writings of Josef Strzygowski, Klagenfurt 1933 [ to 1933 already incomplete ]

  • Iconography of the baptism of Christ. Munich 1885.
  • Cimabue and Rome. Vienna, 1888.
  • Orient or Rome? Leipzig 1901 ( online).
  • Asia Minor. A new territory of art history. Leipzig 1903.
  • The fine art of the present. A book for everyone. Leipzig, 1907.
  • Small Armenian miniature painting. The miniatures of the Tübingen Gospels MA XIII, 1 n of 1113 and 893 BC Tübingen in 1907.
  • The architecture of the Armenians and Europe, vols I-II. Vienna 1918 ( Volume 1 and Volume 2 at Internet Archive )
  • Origin of Christian Church Art. Leipzig 1920.
  • The landscape in Nordic art. E. A. Seemann, Leipzig 1922 ( Volume 17 of Library of the History of Art).
  • The position of Islam on intellectual construction of Europe. Åbo 1922.
  • The crisis of the humanities. Demonstrated on examples of research on visual arts. A basic framework attempt. Vienna 1923.
  • Research and education. Discussed Rebuilding the University as the basis of all school improvement to the process of research on visual arts. Stuttgart 1928.
  • The old Slavonic art. An attempt their detection, Augsburg 1929.
  • Asian fine art in sampling, its nature and development. An attempt. (Works of Art History 1. Inst, University of Vienna, Vol 45 ) Augsburg 1930.
  • Emergence of the North. Struggle for survival of a naturalist to a German world view. ( Perspectives on Comparative Research in Art 12) Leipzig 1936.
  • Traces Indo-European belief in the visual arts. Heidelberg 1936.
  • Dawn and Heidnischwerk in Christian art. Berlin 1937.
  • Dürer and the Nordic fate grove. An Introduction forgotten meaning representations. Heidelberg 1937.
  • Mental reversal. Indo-European presence Wanderings of an art researcher. In 1938.
  • Nordic saviors and fine arts. A disfigured by Christianity and the Church healing phenomenon. With five attachments on the art of the Germanic migrations as part of Eurasia and about the present. Vienna 1939.
  • The German Northern Soul. The confession of an art researcher. Vienna -Leipzig 1940.
  • The Indo-European ancestral heritage of the German people and the art history of the future. Research on visual arts as an educator. A pamphlet. Vienna 1941.
  • Europe power of art in the context of the globe. A fundamental debate about the nature and development of the zehntausenjährigen delusion: Violence power of God's grace instead of folkish order, church held belief formation takes talent, schedule set by the North point of the German national movement. Vienna 1943.
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