Joseph Babinski

Joseph Jules François Félix Babinski ( born November 17 1857 in Paris, France, † October 29, 1932 ibid ), Polish Józef Franciszek Feliks also Babiński, was an eminent Polish- French neurologist. His father, an engineer, and his mother fled in 1848 from Warsaw to Paris. His brother was the engineer and cookbook author Henri Babinski.

Life

Babinski was born as the son of Polish refugees and studied medicine in Paris and specialized subsequently on neurology. During his studies, Jean -Martin Charcot was aware of the young Babinski and soon this became his favorite student. Babinski earned his doctorate in 1884 at the University of Paris with a record of multiple sclerosis, a topic that he Vulpian Alfred ( 1826-1887 ) suggested.

Crucial for the further life Babinski was another pupil of Charcot, Charles- Joseph Bouchard. This was soon a professor and verstritt with his mentor. By Bouchard intrigue Babinski was denied an academic career. Therefore, he went in 1890 at the Hôpital de la Salpêtrière large in Paris. That was a stroke of luck for the French neurology. Free of teaching duties, he devoted himself to the symptomatology of neurological disorders and wrote a total of 288 publications.

Babinski sign

1896 Babinski presented at a meeting of the Société de Biologie the background of a pathological reflex, had the previously described Vulpian and Ernst Julius Remak. Babinski realized that the pyramidal tract injuries were the cause. By 1903, he published several comprehensive work on this subject. The phenomenon is now called the Babinski reflex or Babinski sign.

Influence on neurosurgery

End of the 19th century, the first laminectomies and operations were performed for the removal of tumors of the spinal cord. Babinski had referred some patients to the former sizes in this area, but was dissatisfied with the results. He suspected that the operations were carried out at the wrong vertebral segment, namely too deep. He teamed up with Thierry de Martel (1875-1940) and had his next patient operate through him. Due to the exact prediction of localization by Thierry de Martel Babinski was to remove the tumor successfully what is seen as a rebirth of French neurosurgery able.

Further work on neurology

1900, a year before Alfred Fröhlich, described the Babinski dystrophy adiposogenitalis with a tumor of the pituitary gland, today referred to as Merry- syndrome or Babinski -Fröhlich syndrome. In 1902, he described with Jean Nageotte ( 1866-1948 ) the clinical symptoms of an ischemic failure of the posterolateral part of the medulla oblongata, today also called Babinski Nageotte syndrome. In 1905 he described the neurophysiological background of tabes dorsalis. He dealt with the pathology of the cerebellum and introduced the terms ataxia and dysdiadochokinesia as a cardinal symptoms of cerebellar lesions.

Furthermore, Babinski dealt with the pathogenesis of hysteria and developed the first reliable differential diagnostic criteria in order to distinguish it from organic diseases. He refuted the thesis of his teacher Charcot, who believed a new disease, " hystero " to have discovered.

In his last years Babinski suffered from Parkinson 's disease.

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