Joseph Opatoshu

Joseph Opatoshu (also: Joseph Opatoschu or Józef Opatoszu, actually Josef Meir Opatowski; * January 1, 1887 in Mława, † October 7, 1954 in New York ) was a jiddischsprachiger writer, one of the most important novelists and novelists of the Yiddish- American literature.

Life

Joseph Opatoshu grew up in Poland. His father was a rabbi, his mother came from so-called forest Jews who were active as merchants and forest managers, from. He attended trade school in Warsaw and in 1906 the Polytechnic Institute in Nancy.

In 1907 he emigrated to the USA (New York City ), there was a factory worker, teacher of Hebrew and sat parallel his studies, which he finished in 1914 as an engineer. From 1914 he wrote for 40 years for the New York Yiddish daily Der Tog ( The Day ).

He published hundreds of short stories, novellas and novels, which appeared in several Yiddish journals, and is regarded as the main representative of the group of writers Yunge Di ( The boys ) who at the beginning of the 20th century in New York was formed and the Yiddish- American literature gave an important impetus.

To Opatoshus friends counted Marc Chagall, who portrayed him and the frontispiece to his novel A tog created in Regensburg ( A Day in Regensburg ).

Opatoshu died on Yom Kippur Day 1954. His grave is located on the Arbeter ring Cemetery in New York City, near the graves of Sholem Aleichem and Yehoash ( Solomon Blum Garden, 1870-1927 ).

Works (selection)

Appearance / emergence time known

  • Of those brick sat. 1910 ( his literary debut )
  • Morris in san sin Filipp. 1913
  • Vin New York ghetto. 1914
  • Roman vin a Ferdsganef. 1917
  • Aleyn. 1919 ( " alone " novel)
  • Ouf side wegn. 1919 ( Amendment)
  • Farloyrene Ment 's. 1919
  • In pojlische welder. 1921 ( " In Polish forests " )
  • Arum's churbes. 1922
  • Hurtle. 1923
  • Di Tentserin. 1929
  • The uprising. 1929
  • Arum Grand Street. 1929
  • A tog in Regensburg. 1932 ( "A Day in Regensburg " )
  • A Day in Regensburg. Translation from the Yiddish of Evita Wiecki and Sabine Koller, publisher Karl Stutz Passau 2008, ISBN 978-3-88849-129-0.
  • The last Oyfstand. 1948-1952

Without year or not determined

  • Americanization
  • The world Naie
  • Hibro
  • Teacher
  • Shadow
  • Unlimited possibilities
  • Underworld
  • Gypsy

Literature / Sources

  • Hillel Zeitlin, in: Moment. XI. 1920
  • Noah Steinberg, Young America. I. 1921
  • Tribune. XI. 1922
  • M. Balaban, In: world of books. 1922
  • H. D. Nomberg, In: world of books. 1923
  • Nachman Meisel, In: Literary leaves. 1925
  • Salomon Wininger 1925 et seq Vol IV
  • Salman travel, leksikon ... 1926 ff
  • Z. F. Finkelstein, articles Opatoschu, Joseph. In: Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol IV / 1, Berlin 1927
  • Literary leaves. 1, 1928
  • Brockhaus encyclopedia. ( 13 Band), Wiesbaden 1971
  • Encyclopedia of Judaism. Gütersloh and Others 1971
  • Günter Stemberger: History of Jewish Literature, 1977
  • Agnieszka Rudnicka: Opatoszu, Józef. In: Julius H. Schoeps (ed.): New Encyclopedia of Judaism. Gütersloh / Munich 1992
  • Sabine Koller: A day in the Jewish Regensburg with Joseph Opatoshu and Marc Chagall. Stutz, Passau 2009, ISBN 978-3-88849-963-0.
Yiddish language Nancy, France Book frontispiece Meir Balaban Zalman Reisen Kock Integrated Authority File
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