Joseph Schuster (composer)

Joseph Schuster ( born August 11, 1748 in Dresden, † July 24, 1812 ) was a German composer of classical music.

Life

Joseph Schuster received his first musical education from his father, a court musician in Dresden, and Johann Georg Schurer. Thanks to a grant of the Saxon Elector, he was able to study counterpoint in Italy in the period 1765-1768. In 1772, he was a church composer at the Dresden court. His duties were there from now on composition and performance of sacred music and the management of the opera.

1774-77/1778-81 he made more trips to Italy. His actual main task was the note procurement and engaging new singer for Dresden during these trips. But Schuster's operatic triumphs in Naples and Venice, for example, in January 1776 " Cantata a tre voci " in honor of the birthday of King Ferdinand IV of Naples, exceeded this actual main task. In the same year, the opera seria Demofoonte premiered in Forlì. In the following years he was able to consolidate his position with the opera successes in Naples and Venice and became famous as a composer in Germany. 1787 Joseph Schuster was appointed Kapellmeister. Most of his works are the opera buffa to you, but he also composed religious works, orchestral and chamber music.

From Schuster string quartets come in the notes to the simmer directory ( # 210 ff), the long time as Mozart works (" Milan Quartets ", 1772/73 ) were considered. Schuster had these works composed around 1780, which were regarded as copies of Mozart's originals. The musicologist Ludwig Finscher could uncover the true origin ( in the Music Research, 1966). WA Mozart remarked on the quality of Shank's compositions in a letter to his father dated 6 October 1777 " I send my sister here 6 Duetti à Clavicembalo e Violino of cobbler. I have often gespiellet here. they are not bad. whom I stay here, I will also make 6 on this gusto, because they loved here " (Mozart, Letters II, 41)

He also took a keen interest in urban musical life of Dresden. Schuster established himself in Dresden mainly by the composition of Drammi giocisi. But also through singing games, such as " The Alchemmyst " or Love Devil ( 1778), he stepped forward. Around 1790, he directed the chamber music and concerts. As part of his role as " churches Compositeur " created a variety of works that were primarily intended for the repertoire of the Hofkirche.

Schuster also attention to instrumental music. Their function was after the Seven Years' War in the private courtly context. Joseph Schuster composed many smaller piano pieces for from him in 1788 led teaching of the royal family lived. The majority of these pieces were designed for the teaching of Princess Maria Augusta. He taught in the 1790s.

After about 1800, Joseph Schuster moved increasingly withdrew from the composers life. The compositional estate of Joseph Schuster is in the music department of the SLUB Dresden kept ( Signature: Mus.3549 ... ).

Family

In 1784 he married Maria Teresia Ignatia Acier ( 1768-1830 ), daughter of Meissen porcelain Modelist Michael Victor Acier ( 1736-1799 ), which in turn is great-grandfather of the composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

Compositions (selection )

Fairs and Meßsätze

  • D minor ( 1768), D -B
  • G minor (1772 ), D -B
  • F major (1777/1797)
  • E-flat major ( 1785? )
  • A Major (1793? ), D -B
  • B flat major, D -B
  • D minor (only Kyrie, Gloria, Credo), D -B
  • D minor, D -B
  • D major, D -B
  • B flat major ( Credo missing)

Offertories, Vesper Psalms and Marian antiphons

  • Huc pastores G major (1771 )
  • Intonuit D major ( 1778)
  • Confitebuntur coeli A major ( 1788)
  • Diffusa est gratia F major (1797 ), CZ - Pnm, Cz BRe
  • 2 Angelus Domini C, B
  • Ave Maria in F major
  • Confirma hoc Deus
  • Exultabant D major
  • 2 Laetamini Domino C, D
  • Mirabilis Deus in C major, D -B ( Autogr. ), CZ - Pnm

Other Liturgical forms

  • 2 Miserere, c (1777 ), d ( 1787), D -B
  • Stabat mater C minor ( 1782 ), D -B, D- SWl
  • Te Deum in D major (1800 ), D - SWl, Cz - Pnm, Cz - Pu
  • Hymnus in festo Corporis Christi It (1802 )
  • Completorium F major
  • Deposuit potent D minor, D -B
  • This Haec C major
  • Litaniae lauretanae B flat major
  • Litaniae de venerabili altaris sacramento E flat major
  • 4 Magnificat, D -B

Oratorios and secular cantatas:

  • Cantata a tre voci. Per festeggiare nel Real Teatrol di San Carol il giorno Felicissimo natalizio di sua maestà ( January 12, 1776 Naples), Texbücher: I- Nc, I- Vgc, IR

(1778 Dresden), and A - WGM, D -B, D- Rp

  • La passione di Gesù Cristo ( Pietro Metastasio )
  • Ester (1781 Venice, Ospedaletto ), I- Mc
  • Il genio dell'Adria ( 1785 Venice), Texbücher: I- Vcg
  • Mosè riconosciuto (Giovanni Ambrogio Migliavacca ) (1786 Dresden)
  • La Bethulia Liberata ( Metastasio ) (1796 Dresden), also DB
  • Gioas re di Giuda ( Dres ) ( 1803)
  • Il ritorno del sole sull'orizonte (1808 ), and D- LEM
  • Numerous opportunity cantatas, arias and songs in A WGM, B -Br, D- Dl, D- Ds, D- Lühmann, DW, I- Bc, I- MC, NL- AVNM, RUS KAu, as well as in gedr SGLN. by John A. Hiller, John Fr Reichardt, CFW Kiegel, R. Becker

Stage Works ( selection)

  • La fedeltà in amore, azione comica per musica 2 file (Carnival 1773 Dresden, princely. Theatre), D- Dl
  • Didone abbandonata ( Metastasio ), dpm 3 acts (1776 Naples). D- Dl, I- Nc
  • L' amore artigiano (Carlo Goldoni ), dass 3 acts (1776 Venice, Teatro San Moise ), B - Bc
  • Demofoonte ( Metastasio ), dpm 3 acts (1776 Forlì). D- DI, F -Pc
  • The Alchemist or The Love Devil ( Meissner, After MA Le Grand's L' Amour diable ), comische Opera Act 1 ( March 1778 Dresden, Electoral Theatre), DB, D- Dl, D -DS, D- Rp, D- Hs
  • Bradamante ( Mazzolà ), dpm 3 acts (1779 Padua )
  • Amor e Psyche ( m. Coltellini ), dpm Act 2 (1780 Naples, Teatro San Carlo ), D - Dl
  • Il marito indolent ( Mazzolà ), dramma giocoso two acts ( 1782 Dresden, Electoral Theatre), D- Dl, D -Do, D- Hs ​​; as the indifferent husband, D -B
  • Lo spirito di Contradizione ( Mazzolà ), dass 2 file ( April 1785 ibid.), D- Dl; as Dr. Murner, D -DS
  • Gli avari in trappola ( Mazzolà ), dass two acts (1787 ibid ), D - Dl
  • Ossia il vero amore beets number ( Mazzolà ), dass Act 2 (1789 ibid ), D - Dl
  • L' ape musicale ossia il Poeta impresario pasticcio (Carnival 1792 Trieste ), text Books: I- TScom I- Vgc
  • Osmano dey D' Algeri (G. Cinti ), dramma giocoso two acts (1800 Dresden, Electoral Theatre), D- Dl
  • Il giorno natalizio ( Cinti ), pasticcio Act 2 (1802 ibid ), D - Dl

Instrumental Music (Selection)

  • 3 symphonies ( 1765, 1776), D- Dl
  • Concerto for 2 harpsichords and orchestra (1773 ), DB, D- Dl, D- SWl
  • 6 Divertimenti da camera for Harpsichord and Violin ( 1777), DB, D- Dl, D -LEM
  • 4 string quartets. (1780 ) (formerly WA Mozart attributed KV Anh 210-213/C20.01-04 ), DB
  • VI pièces à 2 Clavecins (1790 /91), D- Dl

Discography

  • Joseph Schuster: Demofoonte (Record: 29 May-3 June 2001) German harmonia mundi 2003
  • Joseph Schuster: String Quartets Nos. 1-6 " Quartetti Padovani ," Symphonia, DDD, 2001
Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart Integrated Authority File
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