Joseph Unger

Joseph Unger ( born July 2, 1828 in Vienna, † May 2, 1913 ) was an Austrian jurist, writer, politician and Reich president of the court. He is considered the founder of the Austrian law and his great merit was to promote the understanding and application of the Austrian general civil law by bringing it closer to the findings of the German law by treating the legal opinion as a holistic system.

Work and efforts

Unger studied law at the University of Vienna and was there in 1850 assistive librarian and lecturer in 1852. He joined in 1852 from the Jewish to the Catholic faith. In 1853 he was called as an associate professor of Austrian civil law at the University of Prague. In his inaugural speech on October 8, 1853 he gave a lecture on the scientific treatment of the Austrian private law, in which he demanded the abandonment of the exegetical method, in which only the individual sections are seen as fragments of a whole. He advocated for systemic method, which grant the knowledge of the ratio iuris, the inner nature of things.

Unger came back in 1855 to Vienna, where he in 1857 was appointed professor of jurisprudence. This he owed among others Leopold Graf von Thun und Hohenstein, who promoted an opening to the outside in the direction of the view expressed in the German states Pandektistik in the course of his education reform. He published in 1868 the stately literature " system of the Austrian private law " in three volumes, the first two devoted to the general theory of private law and the third volume dealt with the law of succession. Although Unger's work remained unfinished, but it ushered in the historical- systematic presentation of the Austrian private law a.

Unger was in 1867 elected to the State Parliament of Lower Austria and the Imperial Council, had the office but due to health problems in the following year to resign. 1869 appointed him to the Emperor as a member of the manor for life, where he worked as a German liberal politician. From 1871 to 1879, he was highly esteemed minister without portfolio in the cabinet of Adolf Carl Daniel von Auersperg and in its ranks as an outstanding, tactful speaker. 1881 to 1913 he was president of the Supreme Court.

Works

  • The marriage in their world historical development (Vienna, 1850)
  • About Scientific Commons treatment of the Austrian private law (Vienna, 1853)
  • The draft Civil Code of the Kingdom of Saxony (Vienna, 1853)
  • The Legal Nature of bearer securities (Vienna, 1857)
  • The Revised Draft Civil Code of the Kingdom of Saxony ( Wien. 1861)
  • To solve the Hungarian question (Vienna, 1861)
  • The probate proceedings in Austria (Vienna, 1865)
  • On the reform of the University of Vienna (Vienna, 1865)
  • The contracts for the benefit of third parties ( Jena, 1869)
  • Debt assumption (Vienna, 1889)
  • Action at own risk ( Jena, 1891)
  • Action on stranger danger ( Jena, 1894)
  • Colorful reflections and comments. Mosaic, a collection of aphorisms, Academ. Verlagsges. (Leipzig 1911)

Honors

  • Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen's, Grand Cross
  • Austro- Imperial Leopold Order, Grand Cross
  • Honorary doctorates from the universities Bologne and Budapest
  • Grand Cross of the Persian sun and lion north
  • Austria - Hungarian Medal for Art and Science
  • Honorary member of the Journalists and Writers Association Concordia
  • Honorary Member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
Josef Kriehuber Die Presse Integrated Authority File
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