Julian of Toledo
Julian of Toledo ( * 652, † March 6 690 in Toledo) was 680-690 Metropolitan of Toledo. He also emerged as a writer.
Life
Julian was born to a Jewish-Christian family, and educated at the cathedral school of Toledo under the Metropolitan Eugenius II of Toledo. At the time, Toledo capital of the kingdom of the Visigoths. On January 29, 680 Julian was Metropolitan of Toledo. In October of the same year King Wamba was ousted by a court intrigue; Julian took the anointing of King Wamba opponent and successor Erwig. While Wambas government was Julian at least temporarily, been a supporter of the king, but is suspected in the recent research that he has the coup Erwigs welcomed and even actively supported. During his tenure, Julian sat 681-688 before the 12th, 13th, 14th and 15th Council of Toledo; except the 14th, a provincial synod, these were Reichskonzilien. The 12th Council of Toledo approved the seizure of power Erwigs and pointed to the metropolitan of Toledo precedence over the other metropolitans, ie in fact the superior position to a Primate of the empire. At the anti-Jewish legislation Erwigs Julian was probably instrumental.
Work
Significantly Julian was also a writer. Although he accepted the rejection of church politics Monothelitism in the Council of Constantinople Opel of 680/681, but wrote a no longer extant opinion on the decisions of the Council. When Pope Benedict II, for its part critical of the views expressed in this opinion thesis that in God the will have witnessed the will, said that he wrote the script Apologeticum de tribus capitulis to prove his orthodoxy. The rest of his works had a considerable theological and intellectual importance. With his work Antikeimena or Anticemenon he took in interpreting the Bible, the methodology of scholasticism anticipated. With its Prognosticon futuri saeculi or Liber prognosticorum he made the first attempt at a comprehensive systematic approach towards eschatology in Christian literature.
As a historian, he worked with his Historia Wambae regis ( "History of King Wamba " ), in which he glorified Wamba as an exemplary Christian rulers. This work is a valuable source of history from an otherwise poor source time. Julian emphasized the divine right of the ruler and the consequent duty of loyalty; Disloyalty to the king for him was also unfaithful to God. Full contempt he commented on the " Gauls " ( novels Septimania ), which he imputed bad character traits. In particular, he resented them a positive relationship with the Jews, against whom he is - regardless of his own Jewish ancestry - turned with great sharpness.