Junkers Jumo 210

The Junkers Jumo 210 was a liquid-cooled, twelve- cylinder aircraft engine with a displacement of 19.7 liters and a starting capacity of up to 730 hp. From 1934 to 1938, the Junkers engine or the Junkers aircraft and engine works a total of about 6500 pieces of all versions produced

The produced version from 1937 Jumo 210 G was - even before the Daimler- Benz DB 601 - the first mass-produced petrol engine with direct injection. Successor was the late summer of 1937 produced Jumo 211 with 35 liters capacity and up to 1500 hp.

History

In the early 1930s, the German motor manufacturers were invited by the Ministry of Transport to develop a 800 -hp aircraft engine, which should be designed as a V-engine with "hanging " cylinders and was suitable for military and civilian purposes. The V-type engine was mounted rotated through 180 degrees so that the crankshaft lying above ( therefore also called " A motor"). This form of the motor installation also facilitated the availability of cylinder heads ( valve timing ) and the spark plug for maintenance.

Then began in 1931 in Dessau Junkers engine GmbH under the direction of Otto Mader with the development of the Jumo 210 The new engine turned over its predecessor, the V- 12 engine L 88 with stationary cylinders (crank down ) a generational leap, because it was first constructed in Junkers taking into account the oscillatory behavior in the barrel. The predecessor was not attempted to achieve by means of over-dimensioned components minimize vibration, but this resulted in a heavy weight with large moving masses. The weight reduction achieved by the optimized parts such as crankshaft, connecting rods, pistons, etc. allowed much higher speeds, so that the Jumo 210, only about half the power to weight ratio of L had 88.

The end of 1934 the first series engines have been delivered by the type Jumo 210 A. Flight testing was performed in a Junkers Jumo 210 W 33, 109 (A to D), the Messerschmitt Bf 110 (A / B) and the Ju 87A used among others in the early versions of the Messerschmitt Bf. The Me-262 - V1 prototype was tested with a built- in bug Jumo 210 G, as provided for jet engines or still were not available very unreliable.

The variants of the Jumo 210 included versions with different propeller reduction gears for use in various speed ranges and versions with one driven by the crankshaft one- or two-speed supercharger ( centrifugal compressor ). The installation of the Dr. -Ing. August light (1902-1978) from 1934 developed fuel injection system was the Jumo 210 G, the world's first series-produced aircraft engine with direct fuel injection and automatic mixture control. He was installed among others in the Bf 109 C and in the Bf 110 B.

The Junkers Jumo 211 with 35 l capacity - the geometrically enlarged ( " cranesbill engine") version of the Jumo 210 - was developed in 1935 as a successor.

Variants

  • Jumo 210 A ( 1934)
  • Jumo 210 B / C ( 1935)
  • Jumo 210 D / E ( 1936)
  • Jumo 210 G ( 1937)

The differences between Jumo 210 B / C and D / E are in a different gear ratio of the propeller gearbox for fast ( 210 B / D) or slow (210 C / E) aircraft.

Specifications

Jumo 210 D

  • Type: Liquid-cooled, twelve-cylinder V-engine
  • Bore: 124 mm
  • Stroke: 136 mm
  • Displacement: 19.7 liters
  • Compression ratio: 6.5:1
  • Empty weight: 440 kg
  • Start Power: 680 hp (500 kW) at a speed of 2700 min-1
Engine displacement Power-to-weight ratio Bore (engine) List of aircraft engines
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