Juthungi

Juthungen (Greek Iouthungi, latin Iuthungi ) were a likely Alamannic tribe north of the Danube and Altmühltherme.

The Juthungen be mentioned by the historian Dexippos the time of the kingdom crisis of the 3rd century and by the late ancient Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus ( 330-395 ). Unlike other Alemannic tribes such as the Breisgauern (Latin Brisgavi ) Bucinobanten (Latin Bucinobantes ) and the Lentiensern (Latin Lentienses ) not called the tribal name Juthungen their area of ​​origin, but the tribe itself The name means as much as " descendants descendants "; this meaning of the word refers to a connection with the tribe of Suebian Semnones.

In the years 259/260 the Juthungen fell in Italy, however, were on the return march 24-25. April 260 by Marcus Simplicinius genialis defeated near Augsburg, as in 1992 found, so-called Augsburg victory altar testified. The inscription on the stone reads translated:

" THE VIII VII KAL Maiar, 8 and 7 days before the Kalends of Mai [ 24-25. April ] the raetische governor M. Simplicinius genialis had defeated the Juthungen and freed thousands of prisoners Italians. The stone he sat III IDUS Septemb IMP DN POSTVMO AVG ET HONORATIANO COS, 3 days before the Ides of September, under the Consulate of the Emperor Postumus and Honoratianus [ 11 September 260 ]. "

In these years, the Limes for the Roman Empire was lost or abandoned by the Romans due to internal power struggles in the empire itself. 270/71 ( Battle of Placentia and the Battle of Pavia) remembered the Juthungen in Italy, were eventually defeated by Emperor Aurelian. Occurred between 356 and 358 together with the Alemanni, an incident in the province of Raetia, where the legion camp Regensburg was destroyed. When new initiative by the Raetien 383 Juthungen were repulsed by an army of Alans and Huns. The Western Roman magister militum ( Captains ) Aetius fought 429-431 Raetia and Noricum in the provinces successfully against the Juthungen. Then they disappear from the historical sources.

Swell

  • Augsburger Wins altar ( 260 )
  • Dexippos - FGrHist 100 (around 270/271 )
  • Panegyrici Latini VIII 10, 4 ( to 297, counting on the edition of RAB Mynors )
  • Ammianus Marcellinus 17, 6 ​​(wrote about 390)
  • Sidonius Apollinaris, c. 7, 233 (around 429/430 )
Dexippus Crisis of the Third Century Battle of Placentia (271) Battle of Pavia (271) Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde
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