Karbi Anglong district
Karbi Anglong ( Assamese: কাৰ্বি আংলং Karbi Āṃlaṃ [ Karbi aŋlɔŋ ]; until 1976 Mikir Hills ) is a district in the Indian state of Assam. Administrative center is the city of Diphu. Karbi Anglong is one of the of the so-called tribal people ( tribals ) populated parts of Assam: More than half of the residents of the district are members of the indigenous population, mainly Karbi, Dimasa and Garo next. Because of Karbi Anglong has the status of an autonomous district.
Geography
The district Karbi Anglong is 10,434 square kilometers, the area 's largest district of Assam. It includes the mountain areas south of the Brahmaputra - level and consists of two unconnected parts: a larger eastern part consisting of the three circles ( circles ) Diphu, Phuloni and Silonjian and a smaller western part consisting of the circle Donka. The two parts of the district are separated by the Nagaon district belonging to the river plain of the Kolong, a tributary of the Brahmaputra, from each other.
The entire district is densely forested hilly and for the most part, apart from a few strips flat land along the rivers. The highest mountain is the Singhason with 1,360 meters above sea level. 85 percent of the district area is covered by forests. In and between the valleys of the rivers Kopili, Jamuna and Dhansiri the height of 75-250 meters. The hills north Zumding form the watershed between them. Is drained north into the Brahmaputra. The largest rivers are the Kopili and Dhansiri. They feed from the drains of the Naga Hills and the Barail mountain range.
Karbi Anglong is bordered by the districts Dima Hasao the southwest, Nagaon in the West, Golaghat in the east and the state of Nagaland ( districts Dimapur and Peren in the southeast. The western part also still borders the district Marigaon and neighboring Federal State of Meghalaya ( districts Jaintia Hills and Ri Bhoi ) in the southwest.
History
The area of the district of Karbi Anglong was in earlier times part of the Kachari kingdom. In the 19th century the northern part of the kingdom came with the Karbi Anglong today under the rule of a usurper named Tularam. After his death in 1854 his territory was annexed under the " Doctrine of Lapse " and the district Nowgong ( Nagaon ) slammed. After Indian independence, the area was released in 1951 from the district of Nagaon and together with parts of the districts Cachar, Sivasagar (District), and Khasi and Jaintia Hills District merged to form the United Mikir and North Cachar Hills. This was again in the districts of North Cachar Hills Mikir Hills and divided in 1970 (since 2010 Dima Hasao ). 2010, the district Mikir Hills to the largest ethnic group of the Karbi Karbi Anglong has been renamed.
In the district are or were various separatist organizations active. In particular, the tribals of Karbi want to achieve their aspirations for autonomy armed. So the Karbi Longri North Cachar Hills Liberation Front ( KLNLF ) which seceded in 2004 by the existing since 2000 United Peoples Democratic Solidarity ( UPDS ), one of the most active groups. Since 1987, there is, probably by the Indian government side as a counterweight to NSNC the Nagas sponsored Kuki National Front ( KNF ). Also for special rights of the natives occurs since 2006 the All Adivasi National Liberation Army ( AANLA ) a. None of these groups is likely to have more than 150 members.
Population
According to the Indian census of 2011, the district Karbi Anglong has 965 280 inhabitants. The district is sparsely populated: the population density is 93 inhabitants per square kilometer is the second lowest of all the districts of Assam and is well below the average of the state (397 inhabitants per square kilometer). 11.8 percent of the population Karbi Anglongs live in cities. The degree of urbanization, which is slightly lower than the average of Assam ( 14.1 per cent). Compared to the last 2001 census, the population was 18.7 percent, which was slightly faster than in the central Assam grew ( 16.9 percent). 73.5 percent of the residents of the district can read and write. The literacy rate thus corresponds almost exactly to the State average ( 73.2 percent).
The majority of the inhabitants of the district of Karbi Anglong belongs to indigenous peoples, which are classified in official statistics as " tribal peoples ". According to the 2001 census, 55.7 percent of the residents of the district are members of the tribal population ( scheduled tribes ). In addition to Dima Hasao Karbi Anglong is one of two districts of Assam, where tribal peoples are the majority. The largest ethnic group in the district of Karbi Anglong are the eponymous Karbi or Mikir that provide according to the census about 40 per cent of the total population and three quarters of the tribal population. Other tribal peoples are the Dimasa and Garo. The tribal population speak different Tibeto-Burman languages. The official language is the Assamese, the main language of Assam. In addition, Karbi is recognized as an official language in the administration but dominated English.
The population of the district of Karbi Anglong make Hindus according to the 2001 census, 82.4 percent majority. In addition, there is a larger minority of Christians ( 14.5 percent ) and a small Muslim minority (2.2 percent).
Politics and Administration
After the sixth Notes to the Indian Constitution, which provides for special provisions for the tribal areas in the North-East Indian states, Karbi Anglong has a status of autonomy. The District itself is administered by a Legislative Council ( Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council). This has 30 members, elected 26 of them and the remaining four are nominated by the Governor of Assam.