Karl Mager

Karl Wilhelm Eduard Mager ( born January 1, 1810 in Gräfrath, † June 10, 1858 in Wiesbaden ) was a German school teacher and school leaders in the 1840s. He was also a literary and linguist. Lean is important for the social education, since it has the term " social pedagogy " is used first. Coming from the Hegelian mindset lean is now mostly attributed to the Herbartianism.

Life

Karl Mager was born the son of a tailor. In school, originally from an impoverished childhood home boy fell on his teacher, who henceforth gave him special lessons. Another teacher prepared him later on the exam to receive a high school in Dusseldorf before. 245 1828 he began a scientific, philological and philosophical studies at the University of Bonn, where he met Alexander von Humboldt, who claimed in 1829 on his journey Russia took. In 1830 he continued his studies of history and romance in Paris, where he attended, among others, courses in François Guizot. In Berlin he finished his studies in 1834 with a state examination as a high school teacher, probably with a dissertation " De nova piscium distributione " but which is missing.

1833 took over lean for years, a job as a tutor in Mecklenburg; now appeared his first work attempt a history and characteristics of the French national literature, which makes him known among scholars. In 1835 he became a teacher at the Friedrich-Wilhelms -Gymnasium in Berlin, which was conducted from August Spilleke and a humanistic gymnasium with real and higher girls' school was. 1837 Mager was appointed professor for German language at the Collège in Geneva and moved to Switzerland. As early as 1838 he presented a petition for release, but then failed in the takeover of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Lausanne, as you mistakenly regarded him as a categorical Hegelian. In 1839 he was given the title Edukationsrat awarded; In 1840 he received the memberships in the Frankfurt scholars club for German language and the non-profit Academy Sciences Erfurt. 1842 was skimmed Professor of French at the cantonal school in Aarau. But of this school district, he retired in 1844 after his marriage to Matilda of Heldreich again and moved to the vicinity of Zurich.

1846 and 1847 took skimmed at various teacher meetings, including in Gotha, in part and in 1848 director of the public school in Eisenach - now Ernst -Abbe -Gymnasium ( Eisenach ), inspector of the teachers seminar in Weimar and advisor to the Ministry of Education. One of his employees wrote of him: " He had his extensive, scholarly knowledge [ ... ] with the greatest of ease and security, had an excellent memory, great skill in Combination Irish along with a good dose of humor. This was his nature a certain originality, so his teaching was doubly attractive ". 246 early as 1852 he had the teaching profession, however, give up for health reasons, moved in 1854 to Dresden and in 1856 for a cure to Wiesbaden, where he died in 1858 at a spinal cord disease, to which he had suffered for 20 years and that eventually led to paralysis. 246

Services

Magers importance for education is varied: In him the reasoning of the didactic principle is " genetic method" back. For the classification of pedagogy he steered the principle of " Relative pedagogy" as opposed to general education at. In 1844 he coined the term " social pedagogy" ( Social Education ) as a synthesis of Individual Education and Heads of State or collective pedagogy. Lean is regarded as one of the main representatives of civil schools - especially with his work: The German public school (1840 ) -, and therefore as a founder of the real education. As a political educator, he fought fiercely for the principle of " self-government " ( self-government ) and, accordingly, for state-free schools. From 1840-1848 skimmed gave the magazine he founded and spread out across Europe Educational Review.

"The citizens, yes, the elementary schools are as good as the schools educational institutions; such as quality and quantity now but also education, which achieves the high school, from which guarantor round elementary school generated may be different. intelligence of the students is the same in all these schools, there is no pariah and should be no "

Works

• Henry Crown (ed.): Collected Works in ten volumes. Baltmannsweiler 1984-1991.
• All vintages of Education Review in the Library for Research on Educational History of DIPF.