Kastl Abbey
Kloster Kastl is a former convent in the Upper Palatinate / Bavaria ( Diocese of Eichstätt ), which was initially settled by Benedictine monks, then later came into the possession of the Maltese Jesuits.
History
The time of the Benedictine Abbey (1098/1103-1556)
The monastery of Saint Peter in Kastl was probably in 1103 ( according to tradition the monastery already in 1098 ) by Margrave Diepoldsberg III. founded by Vohburg, Count Berengar of Sulzbach and Count Otto von Habsburg mountain Kastl in probably built in the Carolingian period Burg Kastl. At the foundation also ousted from Constance Bishop Gebhard III was. , A brother of the Marchioness Liutgart of Zahringen involved. He sent the founding convention of the convent Peter Hausen, which was under the influence emanating from Hirsau reform.
Monks of the abbey rapidly burgeoning Kastl were able to colonize in 1118 the monastery Reichenbach am Regen, which also had the Margravine Luitgard of Zahringen along with her son, the Marquis Diepoldsberg III. Donated. Monks from Kastl probably populated the newly founded monasteries Plankstetten and Auhausen.
The monastery was his possession continuously multiply and soon became one of the most powerful and richest monasteries of the empire. At the end of the 14th and beginning of the 15th century the monastery Kastl was an important center of monastic renewal, which aired on numerous monasteries of Bavaria ( Kastler reform). Emperor Sigismund raised the monastery in 1413 in the Empire state.
In the 16th century saw a rapid decline of the monastery. After the introduction of the Reformation in the Upper Palatinate Elector Otto Heinrich of the Palatinate the impoverished Benedictine Kastl was repealed in 1556.
Benedictine abbots of Kastl:
- Theodoric (ca. 1104-1108 ), came with the founding convention of monastery Peter Hausen im Schwarzwald
- Altmann (ca. 1108-1128 )
- Ortwin (ca. 1128-1137 )
- Otto (1138-1160)
- Gebold (1160-1172)
- Conrad I of Kosching (1172-1189)
- Rupert (1189-1205)
- Gebhard of vineyards (1205-1222)
- Wernhard (1222-1238)
- Conrad II of Linberch (1238-1240)
- Conrad III. ( Chuno ) of Adertshausen ( 1240-1262 )
- Ruger of Pelchenhofen (1262-1267)
- Frederick I of Shin wit (1267-1273)
- Herold (1273-1275)
- Frederick II of Haintal (1275-1291)
- Otto I of Uttenreuth (1291-1294)
- Albert (1293-1306)
- Syboto (1306-1322)
- Hermann (1323-1356), author of the Kastler rhyming chronicle; Extension of the monastery one of the major economic centers in the Upper Palatinate
- Conrad IV Lotter Beck (1356-1378), 1374 received the right to use the pontifical; Heyday of the Monastery Kastl
- Otto II Nortweiner (1378-1399), the beginning of the reform Kastler
- Georg Kemnather (1399-1434), Gothic reconstruction of the Romanesque abbey church
- Jacob Pflugler (1434-1455)
- Christoph von Berngau (1455-1459)
- Leonard I. Beching Gen. Krapp (1459-1490)
- Ulrich Prethaler ( 1490-1493/94 )
- John I. Long ( 1493/94-1524 )
- John II Winter (1524-1539)
- Leonhard II coin from Hegling ( 1530-1538/39 )
- John III. Menger (1539-1554)
- Michael Hanauer (1554-1560)
The time of the Jesuits and Malta (1636-1808)
When recatholicization the Upper Palatinate ( 1625) Monastery Kastl 1636 was passed by the Bavarian Elector to the Jesuits in Amberg. After the dissolution and the banning of the Jesuits (1773 ) was awarded in 1782 the Order of Malta, the Monastery Kastl. Among the Jesuits was a renovation and refurbishing of the baroque monastery church. Today's early classical high altar was built by the Maltese.
From nationalization to the present
After the secularization of the church was the parish church in 1808. 1825, the district court was moved from the castle Oberpfaffenhofen in the unused since 1803 building, where it remained until its dissolution in 1862. Since 1958 was located in the former monastery buildings, a Hungarian high school, which was disbanded at the end of the school year 2005/2006.
Abbey
The Romanesque abbey church was probably largely completed already at the consecration of the presbytery in 1129. The original church was a three-aisled basilica with flachgedecktem ship, vaulted choir room and large porch on the west. In the Romanesque monastery church architectural and artistic influences from the monasteries of Cluny Hirsau and connect with local building traditions.
Beginning of the 15th century were the main nave and the side aisles Gothic ribbed vault. The nave was extended by Chapel additions to the north and south.
Significant is the resulting frieze, there are coats of arms of noble houses of the Upper Palatinate, which were connected to the monastery, as governors, for example, as Karg v. Bebenburg, Steinling of precious box, fire v. Neidenstein.
Monastery buildings
The monastic buildings form a courtyard around the church choir. They were built on the foundations of the medieval castle. The buildings show essentially still the state in lifting the Benedictine or restore fire to the convent of, 1552.
Princess Anna
During a stay of Bavaria Ludwig Kastl traveled with him one of his children 12-18 months of age Anna became ill. On January 29, 1319 finally died the princess, but was not transferred to Munich, but was like a mummy embalmed and buried in the monastery. In 1715 the body was taken out of the grave and kept high in an oak cabinet. The body preserved as a mummy rested in a shrine in the "paradise", the porch of the monastery church, and had to visit. After humidity and temperature fluctuations of the mummy had been added, it was reburied in 2013 and cleaned half a year in a nitrogen-filled special shrine. Meanwhile, was the corpse in a specially designed cabinet, which compensates for the difference in air pressure through a kind of capacitor and was fitted on January 28, 2014 in the previously renovated baroque cabinet, brought back to the " paradise " and is in it, with royal insignia (such as stylized crown and Coat of Arms), be further seen in public.