Kazimierz Dolny

Kazimierz Dolny is a town in the Lublin Voivodeship, Pulawy county. It is located in the region on the eastern bank of the Vistula Płaskowyż Nałęczowski, about 40 km west of Lublin and is the seat of the urban and rural community Kazimierz Dolny. The town of Kazimierz Dolny has about 3,600 inhabitants and is mainly because of its historic Old Town another popular tourist destination in Poland.

History

The origins of the village date back to the 11th century. On one of the hills there was a settlement called Wietrzna Góra, which belonged to the Benedictines. In 1181 Duke Kazimierz rendered the just the place to the Premonstratensian Canons from Krakow Zwierzyniec who renamed it in his honor in Kazimierz. The first written reference 1249th The epithet " Dolny " ( = sub / low ) was added later with reference to its location on the Vistula to distinguish Kazimierz Dolny Kazimierz in Krakow. 1325 King Władysław I the Elbow- founded a church, the parish church. In the first half of the 14th century, a castle was built and was granted town rights, presumably by King Casimir I, the Great. 1406 was carried out under Władysław II Jagiello another city's founding, this time to Magdeburg rights. At that time, the floor plan of the city, which has been preserved until today was, including market development, which is missing on one side, giving the market its characteristic appearance. 1501 was the seat of a place Starostei. From 1519 to 1644, the Eastern Star Office was in the hereditary possession of the Firlej family. At that time the town developed into an important trading center for the Vistula downstream shipped grain. 1628 were the Franciscans ( OFM) settled in Kazimierz Dolny and built a monastery. The decline of the city began in 1656, when Swedish troops they set on fire and looted. There were other soldiers marches through that devastated the city. Adopted in 1677 King John III. Sobieski a decree that allowed the settlement of Armenian, Greek and Jewish merchants, but the next Polish- Swedish wars undid the spirit of optimism, especially as the European demand for Polish grain declined more and more. The partitions of Poland then meant a final end of the grain trade. During the November Uprising, the Battle of Kazimierz Dolny was held here on March 18, 1831. Towards the end of the 19th century began with the onset of tourism a renaissance of the city, which now lay in the Russian partition. It originated villas and boarding houses for summer visitors from Warsaw or Lublin. During the Second World War, large parts of the city were destroyed, but was rebuilt quickly and Kazimierz Dolny able to expand its tourist importance yet.

Attractions

• Parish church (1586-1589), with Mannerist and Baroque interior and one of the oldest preserved organs of Poland with an enclosure made ​​of larch from 1620
• 17th- century
• Castle ruins of a 16th century
• Various town houses and granaries from the Renaissance and Baroque periods, especially around the 1615 built in the Mannerist style town houses of Saint Nicholas and Saint Christopher, as well as the 1630 also mannerist converted Celej - patrician house, is set up which now houses the Regional Museum

Special features of the renaissance of Kazimierz Dolny

All buildings of Kazimierz were built of soft local limestone. The easy to edit material allowed an imaginative design of the façades, with mostly naive bas-reliefs. The town houses were covered with steep, inwardly inclined roofs, which were adjusted from the side of the road with extremely high parapets. These parapets are decorated with stone pinnacles above and volutes. Although built on the bank of the Vistula memory had normal ridge roofs, but the gables were also decorated very rich.

Associated with Kazimierz Dolny people

• Dariusz ficus, Polish journalist ( b. 1932 † 1996)
• Andrzej Madej (* 1951), religious priest and superior of the mission sui juris Turkmenistan
• Hilary Minc, Stalinist politician ( b. 1905 † 1974)
• Tadeusz Pruszkowski, Polish painter (* 1888 † 1942)
• Tadeusz Ulanowski, Polish writer (* 1872 or 1875)

Twin Cities

• Hortobágy (Hungary )
• Staufen im Breisgau ( Germany )
• Steglitz-Zehlendorf district of Berlin ( Germany )